1.2 Classification Processes

Question 1

Explain the system that is used to classify organisms?

Answer 1

the system used to classify organisms is taxonomy which is used to organise and classify organisms into groups

Question 2

What are the levels of classification within the Linnanen system and list them in order?

Answer 2

1. Domain
2. Kingdom
3. Phylum
4. Class
5. Order
6. Family
7. Genus
8. Species

Use this “Dear King Philip Came Over For Good Soup”

Question 3

What are the five different kingdoms and explain briefly provide characteristics of each

Answer 3

1. Animals. Multicellular, usually capable of movement, have internal digestion and are heterotrophic
2. Plants (Can photosynthesis and are autotrophic and also multicellular)
3. Fungi (not capable of movement are multicellular and hetrophic )
4. Monera (Unicellular and prokaryotic)
5. Protist (Unicellular and are eukaryotic )

Question 4

Define a clade?

Answer 4

a group of organisms believed to comprise all the evolutionary descendants of a common ancestor.

Question 5

What is Cladistics?

Answer 5

The means of classifying an organism based on its characterises

Question 6

What is molecular homology used for?

Answer 6

Used to determine evolutionary relationships between species

Question 7

What’s the difference between sexual and asexual reproduction and explain each process?

Answer 7

Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of gametes from two sources to produce offspring.

• Needs two parents to produce offspring
• Offspring are not identical
• Involves meiosis (to produce gametes) and fertilisation

Steps of Sexual reproduction

1. First make gametes
2. Gametes are brought together through mating
3. The gametes are fused together during fertilisation

Asexual reproduction is the production of offspring that are identical to each other which is from one parent organism

• Only need one parent to produce offspring
• Offspring are identical to the parent
  Involves binary fission and mitosis

Question 8

What are the advantages and disadvantages of asexual reproduction?

Answer 8

Advantages

• Reproduce rapidly
• Doesn’t require as much energy or time

Disadvantages
- Lack of genetic diversity caused by low genetic variation interbreeding which could lead to extinction if the environments changes

Question 9

Explain what a K selection strategy is and provide the advantages and disadvantages of this?

Answer 9

K selection strategy is a reproductive strategy that is aimed to be more invested in offspring.

Advantages
- Protiosie having few offspring which maximises the chance of survival

Disadvantages
- Limited opportunity to reproduce

Question 10

Explain the r - selection strategy and what are advantages and disadvantages of it?

Answer 10

r selection reproduces in huge numbers

Advantages

• Contributes to rapid population growth
• Maximizes the volume of offspring

Disadvanatges
- Low chance of surviving into adulthood

Question 11

What are interspecific hybrids and provide an example?

Answer 11

Two different species breed and create new offspring that present traits from both parents, these offspring are known as interfertile hybrid species e.g Mule

Question 12

What is Stratification?

Answer 12

Is vertical laying of habitats according to where plants and other organisms grow