12. Chromatography Flashcards

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1
Q

Paper chromatography vs TLC

A

paper = stationary phase, solvent = mobile phase vs slide with silica gel coat = stationary phase, solvent = mobile phase

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2
Q

What is eluent?

A

The solvent you’re putting the stationary phase in

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3
Q

Is paper or solvent polar or nonpolar?

A

paper = polar, solvent = nonpolar

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4
Q

How to calculate retardation factor (Rf)?

A

X/Y; X = distance dot moved, Y = distance of solvent moved

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5
Q

What is reverse-phase chromatography?

A

when polarity and nonpolarity of phases are switched —> polar molec move up while non polar molec stay

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6
Q

What is column chromatography compared to TLC? What about high performance liquid chromatography?

A

same thing but solvent moves down b/c gravity. same as column chromatography but more sensitive

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7
Q

Size exclusion vs ion exchange chromatography

A

beads with holes: small cmpds move thru faster, big cmpds move around slower vs beads with charge: same charge move faster, opposite charge move slower

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8
Q

Affinity chromatography

A

like column chromatography but tests for binding affinity; beads with a protein receptor

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9
Q

Gas chromatography

A

stationary phase = liquid, mobile phase = gas; you heat it up –> volatile cmpds (low boiling pt) move faster, high boiling pt move slower

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10
Q

Why do vacuum distillation vs simple vs fractional?

A

boil stuff over bpt > 150 C vs boil stuff 25-150 C vs < boil stuff with bpt w/in 25 C to e/o, can basically distill any mixture. In order to boil, vapor pressure = atm pressure

Fractional refluxes sample back down over large surface area —> purer
If you wanna know which sln separates first, you find the lowest bpt –> faster distillation rate

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11
Q

Flow cytometry

A

single cells from cell cultures or tissue samples = stained by protein markers using specific ab

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12
Q

in extraction, how do you know the position of layers?

A

based on their densities: denser at bottom

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