12-Bloque IV-glucolisis-24-25.pptx

Question 1

What is the concept of metabolism and bioenergetics?

Answer 1

Metabolism refers to the chemical processes that occur within a living organism to maintain life, while bioenergetics studies the flow of energy through living systems.

Question 2

Where does glycolysis occur?

Answer 2

Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol of the cell.

Question 3

Under what conditions can glycolysis take place?

Answer 3

Glycolysis can occur under aerobic or anaerobic conditions.

Question 4

Is glycolysis common to all cell types?

Answer 4

Yes, glycolysis is a pathway common to almost all cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic.

Question 5

Why is glycolysis essential in skeletal muscle and the brain?

Answer 5

Glycolysis is essential in skeletal muscle and the brain for degrading glucose to generate ATP and provide metabolic intermediates for synthesis.

Question 6

What is the standard free energy change (ΔG’°) for glycolysis?

Answer 6

The standard free energy change for glycolysis is ΔG’° = -85 kJ/mol.

Question 7

What happens during the preparatory phase of glycolysis?

Answer 7

In the preparatory phase, glucose is phosphorylated and converted to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.

Question 8

What is the role of hexokinase in glycolysis?

Answer 8

Hexokinase catalyzes the phosphorylation of glucose to form glucose-6-phosphate.

Question 9

What is the standard free energy change (ΔG’°) for the reaction catalyzed by hexokinase?

Answer 9

The standard free energy change for the reaction catalyzed by hexokinase is ΔG’° = 1.7 kJ/mol.

Question 10

What is the function of aldolase in glycolysis?

Answer 10

Aldolase catalyzes the conversion of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate.

Question 11

What is the standard free energy change (ΔG’°) for the reaction catalyzed by aldolase?

Answer 11

The standard free energy change for the reaction catalyzed by aldolase is ΔG’° = 7.5 kJ/mol.

Question 12

What is the role of enolase in glycolysis?

Answer 12

Enolase catalyzes the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate.

Question 13

What is the standard free energy change (ΔG’°) for the reaction catalyzed by enolase?

Answer 13

The standard free energy change for the reaction catalyzed by enolase is ΔG’° = 7.5 kJ/mol.

Question 14

What is the final product of glycolysis?

Answer 14

The final product of glycolysis is pyruvate.

Question 15

What are the catabolic fates of pyruvate produced in glycolysis?

Answer 15

Pyruvate can undergo cellular respiration or glycolytic metabolism.

Question 16

What happens to pyruvate under aerobic conditions?

Answer 16

Under aerobic conditions, pyruvate is oxidatively decarboxylated to acetyl-CoA in the mitochondria.

Question 17

What is the energy yield from the oxidation of one glucose molecule?

Answer 17

The energy yield from the oxidation of one glucose molecule is 30-32 ATPs.

Question 18

What is the energy yield from glycolytic metabolism?

Answer 18

The energy yield from glycolytic metabolism is 2 ATPs.

Question 19

What occurs to pyruvate under anaerobic conditions?

Answer 19

Under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate is reduced to lactate by lactate dehydrogenase.

Question 20

Where does lactic fermentation occur?

Answer 20

Lactic fermentation occurs in skeletal muscles during vigorous contraction and in erythrocytes.

Question 21

What role does lactate play in the body?

Answer 21

Lactate can act as an intracellular electron carrier and serve as an energy source for various tissues.