12-Bloque IV-glucolisis-24-25.pptx Flashcards
What is the concept of metabolism and bioenergetics?
Metabolism refers to the chemical processes that occur within a living organism to maintain life, while bioenergetics studies the flow of energy through living systems.
Where does glycolysis occur?
Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol of the cell.
Under what conditions can glycolysis take place?
Glycolysis can occur under aerobic or anaerobic conditions.
Is glycolysis common to all cell types?
Yes, glycolysis is a pathway common to almost all cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic.
Why is glycolysis essential in skeletal muscle and the brain?
Glycolysis is essential in skeletal muscle and the brain for degrading glucose to generate ATP and provide metabolic intermediates for synthesis.
What is the standard free energy change (ΔG’°) for glycolysis?
The standard free energy change for glycolysis is ΔG’° = -85 kJ/mol.
What happens during the preparatory phase of glycolysis?
In the preparatory phase, glucose is phosphorylated and converted to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.
What is the role of hexokinase in glycolysis?
Hexokinase catalyzes the phosphorylation of glucose to form glucose-6-phosphate.
What is the standard free energy change (ΔG’°) for the reaction catalyzed by hexokinase?
The standard free energy change for the reaction catalyzed by hexokinase is ΔG’° = 1.7 kJ/mol.
What is the function of aldolase in glycolysis?
Aldolase catalyzes the conversion of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate.
What is the standard free energy change (ΔG’°) for the reaction catalyzed by aldolase?
The standard free energy change for the reaction catalyzed by aldolase is ΔG’° = 7.5 kJ/mol.
What is the role of enolase in glycolysis?
Enolase catalyzes the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate.
What is the standard free energy change (ΔG’°) for the reaction catalyzed by enolase?
The standard free energy change for the reaction catalyzed by enolase is ΔG’° = 7.5 kJ/mol.
What is the final product of glycolysis?
The final product of glycolysis is pyruvate.
What are the catabolic fates of pyruvate produced in glycolysis?
Pyruvate can undergo cellular respiration or glycolytic metabolism.
What happens to pyruvate under aerobic conditions?
Under aerobic conditions, pyruvate is oxidatively decarboxylated to acetyl-CoA in the mitochondria.
What is the energy yield from the oxidation of one glucose molecule?
The energy yield from the oxidation of one glucose molecule is 30-32 ATPs.
What is the energy yield from glycolytic metabolism?
The energy yield from glycolytic metabolism is 2 ATPs.
What occurs to pyruvate under anaerobic conditions?
Under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate is reduced to lactate by lactate dehydrogenase.
Where does lactic fermentation occur?
Lactic fermentation occurs in skeletal muscles during vigorous contraction and in erythrocytes.
What role does lactate play in the body?
Lactate can act as an intracellular electron carrier and serve as an energy source for various tissues.
