12-19-16 Flashcards
ottorman empire
The Ottoman Empire, also known as the Turkish Empire, Ottoman Turkey, was an empire founded at the end of the thirteenth century in northwestern Anatolia in the vicinity of Bilecik and Söğüt by the Oghuz Turkish tribal leader Osman.
jarisarries
The Janissaries were elite infantry units that formed the Ottoman Sultan’s household troops and bodyguards. The corps was most likely established during the reign of Murad I.
sultan
a Muslim sovereign.
sultanate
Sultan is a noble title with several historical meanings. Originally, it was an Arabic abstract noun meaning “strength”, “authority”, “rulership”, derived from the verbal noun سلطة sulṭah, meaning “authority” or “power”.
harem
(in former times) the separate part of a Muslim household reserved for wives, concubines, and female servants.
aurangzeb
Abu’l Muzaffar Muhi-ud-Din Muhammad Aurangzeb Alamgir, commonly known as Aurangzeb or by his regenal title Alamgir, was the sixth, and widely considered the last effective Mughal Emperor.
shan
a member of a people living mainly in northern Burma (Myanmar) and adjacent parts of southern China.
maratha kingdom
The Maratha Empire or the Maratha Confederacy was an Indian power that existed from 1674 to 1818 and ruled over much of the Indian sub-continent. The Marathas are credited to a large extent for ending the Mughal rule in India.
timur the lame
Timur, historically known as Tamerlane, was a Turco-Mongol conqueror and the founder of the Timurid Empire in Persia and Central Asia. He was also the first ruler in the Timurid dynasty.
mehmet the conqueror
Mehmed II, best known as Mehmed the Conqueror, was an Ottoman sultan who ruled first for a short time from August 1444 to September 1446, and later from February 1451 to May 1481
emperor akbar
Abu’l-Fath Jalal ud-din Muhammad Akbar, popularly known as Akbar I and later Akbar the Great, was Mughal Emperor from 1556 until his death. He was the third and one of the greatest rulers of the Mughal Dynasty in India.
nur jahan
Noor Jehan, better known by her honorific title Malika-e-Tarannum, was a Pakistani singer and actress who worked first in British India and then in Pakistan. Her career spanned seven decades.
delhi
Delhi, India’s capital territory, is a massive metropolitan area in the country’s north. In Old Delhi, a neighborhood dating to the 1600s, stands the imposing Mughal-era Red Fort, a symbol of India, and the sprawling Jama Masjid mosque, whose courtyard accommodates 25,000 people. Nearby is Chandni Chowk, a vibrant bazaar filled with food carts, sweets shops and spice stalls.
sufism
the mystical system of the Sufis.
sikishm
Sikhism, Indian religion founded in the Punjab in the late 15th century. Its members are known as Sikhs. The Sikhs call their faith Gurmat (Punjabi: “the Way of the Guru”). According to Sikh tradition, Sikhism was established by Guru Nanak (1469–1539) and subsequently led by a succession of nine other Gurus.
taj mahal
The Taj Mahal is an ivory-white marble mausoleum on the south bank of the Yamuna river in the Indian city of Agra. It was commissioned in 1632 by the Mughal emperor, Shah Jahan, to house the tomb of his favourite wife, Mumtaz Mahal
safavid
The Safavid dynasty was one of the most significant ruling dynasties of Iran, often considered the beginning of modern Iranian history. The Safavid shahs ruled over one of the so-called gunpowder empires.
ismail abbas
Ali Abbas is an Iraqi man who drew a lot of media attention after being severely injured in a night-time aerial missile attack near Baghdad during the United States’ 2003 invasion of Iraq.
safidon
Safidon is a city and a municipal committee in Jind district in the Indian state of Haryana. Safidon is located at 29° 25’ 0” North, 76° 40’ 0” East. It has an average elevation of 221 m. Safidon is the center of Panipat and Jind.
kizilbash
Qizilbash or Kizilbash (sometimes also Qezelbash or Qazilbash) is the label given to a wide variety of Shi’i militant groups that flourished in Azerbaijan and Anatolia from the late 15th century onwards, some of which contributed to the foundation of the Safavid dynasty of Iran
rajputs
A Rajput (from Sanskrit raja-putra, “son of a king”) is a member of one of the patrilineal clans of western, central, northern India and some parts of Pakistan. They claim to be descendants of ruling Hindu warrior classes of North India. Rajputs rose to prominence during the 6th to 12th centuries.
sikh faith
Belief: Sikhism is a monotheistic religion, and the basic Sikh belief is represented in the phrase Ik Onkar meaning “One God.” 2. History: Sikhism was founded in the Punjab region in India in the 15th century by Guru Nanak Dev. Sikhism broke from Hinduism due, in part, to its rejection of the caste system.
sufis
a Muslim ascetic and mystic.
suleyman
Suleiman I, commonly known as Suleiman the Magnificent in the West and “Kanuni” in his realm, was the tenth and longest-reigning sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1520 to his death in 1566
esmail
Meaning. Heard by God. Other names. … Ismail (Arabic: إسماعيل, ʼIsmāʻīl) is an Arabic given name. It corresponds to the English name Ishmael.
