1.2

Question 1

A type of malware that encrypts a victim’s files or locks their computer, demanding payment in exchange for restoring access

Answer 1

ransomware

Question 2

A type of malware that disguises itself as legitimate software to trick victims into downloading and installing it, allowing attackers to gain unauthorized access to their system

Answer 2

TROJAN

Question 3

A self-replicating type of malware that spreads through networks, often causing damage to computer systems

Answer 3

WORM

Question 4

Software that is installed without the user’s consent, typically with the purpose of displaying ads or collecting data

Answer 4

pup POTENTIALLY UNWATNTED PROGRAM

Question 5

A type of malware that operates entirely in computer memory without writing any files to disk, making it difficult to detect and remove

Answer 5

fileless virus

Question 6

A mechanism used by attackers to communicate with malware-infected devices and control their behavior

Answer 6

Command and control (C&C)

Question 7

type of automated cyber attack, where software programs perform malicious activities such as sending spam emails, scraping data, launching DDoS attacks, and brute-forcing passwords.

Answer 7

Bots

Question 8

A type of malware that remains dormant until triggered by a specific event or condition, often causing damage to computer systems

Answer 8

Logic Bomb

Question 9

Malware that secretly collects information from a victim’s device and sends it to attackers

Answer 9

spyware

Question 10

A type of spyware that captures keystrokes made by a victim, allowing attackers to steal sensitive information such as passwords

Answer 10

Keylogger

Question 11

A type of trojan that allows attackers to remotely control a victim’s device, often used for spying or stealing data

Answer 11

RAT (Remote Access Trojan)

Question 12

Malware that hides its presence and activity on a victim’s device, making it difficult to detect and remove

Answer 12

Rootkit

Question 13

A hidden entry point in software or devices that allows attackers to bypass normal security measures and gain unauthorized access

Answer 13

Backdoor

Question 14

A brute-force password attack in which attackers try a small number of commonly-used passwords against a large number of user accounts

Answer 14

Spraying

Question 15

A brute-force password attack in which attackers use a list of commonly-used passwords to try to gain access to a victim’s account

Answer 15

Dictionary Attack

Question 16

A brute-force password attack in which attackers use a list of commonly-used passwords to try to gain access to a victim’s account

Answer 16

Dictionary Attack

Question 17

A password attack in which attackers try every possible combination of characters until they find the correct password

Answer 17

Brute Force Attack

Question 18

A password attack in which attackers use precomputed tables of hashes to quickly crack passwords

Answer 18

Rainbow Table Attack

Question 19

Data that is not encrypted and can be read by anyone who has access to it, making it vulnerable to interception and theft.

Answer 19

Plaintext/unencrypted

Question 20

A type of hardware attack that involves a USB cable that is modified to include additional hardware or software to carry out malicious activities, such as stealing data or installing malware

Answer 20

Malicious Universal Serial Bus (USB) Cable

Question 21

A type of hardware attack that involves a flash drive that is loaded with malware and left in a public place for victims to pick up and use, potentially infecting their computer

Answer 21

Malicious Flash Drive

Question 22

A type of attack that involves stealing credit card information and creating a duplicate card to make fraudulent purchases

Answer 22

Card Cloning

Question 23

A type of attack that involves stealing credit card information using a small device that is attached to a legitimate card reader, often found in public places such as ATMs or gas pumps

Answer 23

Skimming

Question 24

A type of attack that involves manipulating or poisoning the data used to train machine learning algorithms, causing the algorithms to make incorrect predictions or decisions

Answer 24

Tainted Training Data for Machine Learning

Question 25

Concerns around the security of machine learning algorithms, including their vulnerability to adversarial attacks and the potential misuse of algorithms for malicious purposes

Answer 25

Security of Machine Learning Algorithms

Question 26

A type of attack that targets the software or hardware supply chain, infecting products before they reach the end user and potentially compromising a large number of devices

Answer 26

Supply Chain Attacks

Question 27

Different types of attacks that target cloud-based systems (such as cloud storage or cloud applications) versus on-premise systems (such as traditional data centers)

Answer 27

Cloud-based vs On-Premise Attacks

Question 28

Different types of attacks that target cryptographic systems, including the birthday attack (finding a collision in a hash function), collision attack (finding two different inputs that produce the same hash value), and downgrade attack (downgrading a security protocol to a weaker version).

Answer 28

Cryptographic Attacks - Birthday, Collision, Downgrade

Question 29

s a type of cryptographic attack that exploits the probability of collisions between random numbers. The attacker calculates a large number of hash values for different inputs and stores them in a table to find two inputs that produce the same hash value.

Answer 29

birthday attack

Question 30

type of cryptographic attack that aims to find two different input values that produce the same hash value.

Answer 30

collision attack

Question 31

what is a c2 server

Answer 31

comman and control server