11.5

Question 1

what increases genetic biodiversity in isolated pops

Answer 1

mutation in DNA creating new allele

gene flow- alleles transferring between 2 pop. through inbreeding

Question 2

what decreases biodiversity?

Answer 2

selective breeding
captive breeding
rare breeds
genetic bottlenecks - where few individuals survive an event
artificial cloning
natural selection
founder effect - small no. of individuals isolate themselves to create a colony
genetic drift - alleles being lost overtime as not all passed down to offspring

Question 3

how to measure genetic biodiversity

Answer 3

proportion of polymorphic gene loci = no. of polymorphic gene loci / total no. of gene loci

Question 4

define polymorphic gene

Answer 4

more than one allele

Question 5

how to use gel electrophoresis

Answer 5

restriction enzymes cut DNA
pieces place in gel between -ve and +ve electrodes
-Ve DNA move to +ve electrode and smaller fragments move further producing banding pattern
use banding pattern to count no. of loci & type

Question 6

what is the gene pool

Answer 6

genetic biodiversity of a pop of a species