11.4-11.19 Chapter 11 Review Questions Flashcards
Why do the muscles of facial expression move the skin rather than a joint?
move the skin rather than a joint when they contract bc the muscle inserts onto skin.
Which muscles that move the eyeballs contract and relax as you look to your left without moving your head?
(extraocular) are among the fastest contracting and most precisely controlled skeletal muscles in the body; they permit us to elevate, depress, abduct, adduct, and medially and laterally rotate the eyeballs.
Which is the strongest muscle of mastication?
The masseter is the strongest muscle of mastication.
What are the functions of the tongue?
chewing, detection of taste, swallowing, and speech.
What is the combined action of the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles?
stabilize the hyoid bone to assist in tongue movements.
Which tongue, facial, and mandibular muscles do you use for chewing?
Muscles of the anterior neck that assist in deglutition and speech, called suprahyoid muscles, are located above the hyoid bone.
Why are triangles of the neck important?
The triangles in the neck formed by the sternocleidomastoid muscles are important anatomically and surgically because of the structures that lie within their boundaries.
Which abdominal muscle aids in urination?
rectus abdominis muscle aids in urination.
Which muscle associated with breathing is innervated by the phrenic nerve?
The diaphragm is innervated by the phrenic nerve.
What are the names of the three openings in the diaphragm, and which structures pass through each?
Aorta: pass through aortic hiatus
Esophagus: pass through esophageal hiatus
Inferior vena cava: pass through canal for amen
What are the borders of the pelvic diaphragm?
are the pubic symphysis anteriorly, the coccyx posteriorly, and the walls of the pelvis laterally.
Which muscles are strengthened by Kegel exercises?
Muscles of pelvic floor(pregnancy)
Levator ani and ischiococcygeus
What are the borders of the perineum?
the pubic symphysis anteriorly, the coccyx posteriorly, and the ischial tuberosities laterally.
What are the borders and contents of the urogenital triangle and the anal triangle?
Urogenital triangle: external genitals
Anal triangle: Anus
What is the main action of the muscles that move the pectoral girdle?
to stabilize the scapula to assist in movements of the humerus.
Which tendons make up the rotator cuff?
The rotator cuff consists of the flat tendons of the subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor muscles that form a nearly complete circle around the shoulder joint.
11.16 The brachialis
Why are the two muscles that cross the shoulder joint called axial muscles, and the seven others called scapular muscles?
Which muscles are the most powerful flexor and the most powerful extensor of the forearm?
The brachialis is the most powerful forearm flexor; the triceps brachii is the most powerful forearm extensor.
Flex your arm. Which group of muscles is contracting? Which group of muscles must relax so that you can flex your arm?
Which muscles and actions of the wrist, hand, thumb, and fingers are used when writing?
What structures pass deep to the flexor retinaculum?
Flexor tendons of the digits and wrist and the median nerve pass deep to the flexor retinaculum.
How do the actions of the extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the hand differ?
Muscles of the thenar eminence act on which digit?
Muscles of the thenar eminence act on the thumb.
Which muscles originate at the midline and extend laterally and superiorly to their insertions?
The splenius muscles arise from the midline and extend laterally and superiorly to their insertions.
What is the largest muscle group of the back?
Erector spinae (chief extensor of the vertebral column)
