1.1.3 Input, Output, Storage Flashcards

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1
Q

INPUT devices

A
  • are hardware components that enable the user to input data or commands into the computer system [1]
  • which the computer then processes to produce output
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2
Q

TYPES OF input devices

A
  • keyboard
  • mouse
  • microphone
  • webcam
  • Scanner
  • sensors
  • barcode readers
  • biometric devices
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3
Q

Keyboard

A

allows user to input text and commands by pressing keys

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4
Q

Mouse

A

Allows user to navigate the computer screen, click on items etc.

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5
Q

Microphone

A

Captures audio input which can be used for voice commands, recording audio or video conferencing.

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6
Q

Webcam

A

Captures video input
- often used for recording videos etc.

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7
Q

Scanner

A

Digitalises physical documents/images converting them into a format that the computer can process

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8
Q

Barcode reader

A
  • Scans barcodes
  • typically used in retail and inventory management
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9
Q

Sensors

A
  • defect and respond to some type of input from the physical environment converting it to electrical signals that can be used as input within a computer system .
  • eg. Temperature sensor, pressure sensors, humidity sensors, biosensors
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10
Q

Output devices

A
  • hardware components that receive information from a computer system and present it to the user in a comprehensible form
  • they enable the computer to communicate the results of processed data or commands [1]
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11
Q

examples of output devices

A
  • speakers
  • printers
  • projector
  • monitor
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12
Q

Speakers

A

Output sound from a computer

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13
Q

Printers

A

Produces a hard copy of digital documents or images/photos

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14
Q

Projector

A

Used to project video content from a computer onto a screen

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15
Q

Monitor

A
  • Displays visual output from the computer
  • this includes text images and videos
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16
Q

Storage devices

A
  • are hardware components that store digital data within a computer system
  • there are 3 TYPES :
    • magnetic
    • optical
    • flash
17
Q

MAGNETIC STORAGE devices ( HDD, magnetic tape )

A
  • Store data by magnetizing particles on a disk or tape
  • use Read/write heads that contain electromagnets.
  • parts of the surface is either magnetised or demagnetised and the heads control this and read what state they are in
  • (1) magnetised
  • (0) demagnetised
  • hard drive can be used to store files and software
18
Q

Magnetic storage benefits

A
  • high storage capacity
  • relatively low cost per GB/Mb
  • suitable for long term storage and back up
  • usually reliable
19
Q

Magnetic storage drawbacks

A
  • Slower read and write speeds compared to other types
  • magnetic HDs are susceptible to physical damage due to moving parts ( if moved quickly due to the head coming into contact with the platter) [1]
  • requires more space to store moving parts [1]
20
Q

Optical storage devices

A
  • eg. CDs , DVDs, Blu-ray Disc
  • store data using a laser to burn pits onto the surface of the disc ( to write data)
  • read from and written to using lasers
  • to read the data laser light is shined on the disc, a pit scatter light (0) a land reflects light (1)
  • suitable for distributing music software, movies or backup of files
21
Q

Optical ADVANTAGES

A
  • durable and relatively immune to environmental conditions
  • thin and lightweight, easy to transport so portable
  • low cost per disc
22
Q

Optical DRAWBACKS

A
  • Lower storage capacity compared to other types
  • slower read/write speeds
  • can easily be scratched and damaged so not very durable
23
Q

flash STORAGE DEVICES

A
  • eg. SSD, USB flash drives
  • can be erased and reprogrammed electronically
  • Uses memory chips
  • is not volatile
  • fast and compact
  • used to allow transport of materials between devices
24
Q

Flash ADVANTAGES

A
  • fast read/write speeds [1]
  • have no moving parts so less susceptible to physical shock and more durable [1]
  • requires less space due to no moving parts
  • highly portable
25
Q

Flash storage drawbacks

A
  • high cost per GB
  • limited life span as flash memory cells can wear out after a certain number of write cycles
26
Q

Virtual storage / cloud

A
  • where data is stored on multiple servers in a remote location
  • servers use magnetic and now increasingly SSD
  • virtual storage can be accessed over the internet
27
Q

Virtual storage benefits

A
  • data is stored remotely so in case of a disaster, data is not also damaged [1]
  • data can be accessed from anywhere with an internet connection [1]
  • data redundancy protects against data loss due to hardware failure
  • often more adorable than maintaining own storage devices/ infrastructure
  • easy to increase storage capacity as needs grow so scalable
28
Q

Virtual storage drawbacks

A
  • is dependant on an internet connection so access to data can be slow or impossible without an internet connection
  • storing sensitive data off site can pose a security risk
29
Q

Primary storage

A
  • the computers internal memory which is directly accessible by the CPU
  • is much faster than secondary storage as it is closer to the CPU
  • include RAM and ROM
30
Q

RAM

A
  • stores data and instructions currently in use eg. Open applications and files [1]
  • is volatile so contents are lost when computer is turned off [1]
  • is directly accessible so the processor can access any part of the RAM equally fast [1]
  • RAM operate at a much faster speed than many secondary storage devices [1]
31
Q

ROM

A
  • stores the BIOS (or operating system) [1]
  • is non volatile so retains its contents even when computer is turned off [1]
  • is read only so cannot be modified/unintentionally amended [1]
  • ROM is quick to start up so systems can be started up quickly [1]