1.1.3 Input, Output, Storage Flashcards
1
Q
INPUT devices
A
- are hardware components that enable the user to input data or commands into the computer system [1]
- which the computer then processes to produce output
2
Q
TYPES OF input devices
A
- keyboard
- mouse
- microphone
- webcam
- Scanner
- sensors
- barcode readers
- biometric devices
3
Q
Keyboard
A
allows user to input text and commands by pressing keys
4
Q
Mouse
A
Allows user to navigate the computer screen, click on items etc.
5
Q
Microphone
A
Captures audio input which can be used for voice commands, recording audio or video conferencing.
6
Q
Webcam
A
Captures video input
- often used for recording videos etc.
7
Q
Scanner
A
Digitalises physical documents/images converting them into a format that the computer can process
8
Q
Barcode reader
A
- Scans barcodes
- typically used in retail and inventory management
9
Q
Sensors
A
- defect and respond to some type of input from the physical environment converting it to electrical signals that can be used as input within a computer system .
- eg. Temperature sensor, pressure sensors, humidity sensors, biosensors
10
Q
Output devices
A
- hardware components that receive information from a computer system and present it to the user in a comprehensible form
- they enable the computer to communicate the results of processed data or commands [1]
11
Q
examples of output devices
A
- speakers
- printers
- projector
- monitor
12
Q
Speakers
A
Output sound from a computer
13
Q
Printers
A
Produces a hard copy of digital documents or images/photos
14
Q
Projector
A
Used to project video content from a computer onto a screen
15
Q
Monitor
A
- Displays visual output from the computer
- this includes text images and videos
16
Q
Storage devices
A
- are hardware components that store digital data within a computer system
- there are 3 TYPES :
- magnetic
- optical
- flash
17
Q
MAGNETIC STORAGE devices ( HDD, magnetic tape )
A
- Store data by magnetizing particles on a disk or tape
- use Read/write heads that contain electromagnets.
- parts of the surface is either magnetised or demagnetised and the heads control this and read what state they are in
- (1) magnetised
- (0) demagnetised
- hard drive can be used to store files and software
18
Q
Magnetic storage benefits
A
- high storage capacity
- relatively low cost per GB/Mb
- suitable for long term storage and back up
- usually reliable
19
Q
Magnetic storage drawbacks
A
- Slower read and write speeds compared to other types
- magnetic HDs are susceptible to physical damage due to moving parts ( if moved quickly due to the head coming into contact with the platter) [1]
- requires more space to store moving parts [1]
20
Q
Optical storage devices
A
- eg. CDs , DVDs, Blu-ray Disc
- store data using a laser to burn pits onto the surface of the disc ( to write data)
- read from and written to using lasers
- to read the data laser light is shined on the disc, a pit scatter light (0) a land reflects light (1)
- suitable for distributing music software, movies or backup of files
21
Q
Optical ADVANTAGES
A
- durable and relatively immune to environmental conditions
- thin and lightweight, easy to transport so portable
- low cost per disc
22
Q
Optical DRAWBACKS
A
- Lower storage capacity compared to other types
- slower read/write speeds
- can easily be scratched and damaged so not very durable
23
Q
flash STORAGE DEVICES
A
- eg. SSD, USB flash drives
- can be erased and reprogrammed electronically
- Uses memory chips
- is not volatile
- fast and compact
- used to allow transport of materials between devices
24
Q
Flash ADVANTAGES
A
- fast read/write speeds [1]
- have no moving parts so less susceptible to physical shock and more durable [1]
- requires less space due to no moving parts
- highly portable
25
Q
Flash storage drawbacks
A
- high cost per GB
- limited life span as flash memory cells can wear out after a certain number of write cycles
26
Q
Virtual storage / cloud
A
- where data is stored on multiple servers in a remote location
- servers use magnetic and now increasingly SSD
- virtual storage can be accessed over the internet
27
Q
Virtual storage benefits
A
- data is stored remotely so in case of a disaster, data is not also damaged [1]
- data can be accessed from anywhere with an internet connection [1]
- data redundancy protects against data loss due to hardware failure
- often more affordable than maintaining own storage devices/ infrastructure
- easy to increase storage capacity as needs grow so scalable
28
Q
Virtual storage drawbacks
A
- is dependant on an internet connection so access to data can be slow or impossible without an internet connection
- storing sensitive data off site can pose a security risk
29
Q
Primary storage
A
- the computers internal memory which is directly accessible by the CPU
- is much faster than secondary storage as it is closer to the CPU
- include RAM and ROM
30
Q
RAM
A
- stores data and instructions currently in use eg. Open applications and files [1]
- is volatile so contents are lost when computer is turned off [1]
- is directly accessible so the processor can access any part of the RAM equally fast [1]
- RAM operate at a much faster speed than many secondary storage devices [1]
31
Q
ROM
A
- stores the BIOS (or operating system) [1]
- is non volatile so retains its contents even when computer is turned off [1]
- is read only so cannot be modified/unintentionally amended [1]
- ROM is quick to start up so systems can be started up quickly [1]
