1.12 Hindlimb Flashcards
Describe the comparative features of the fore and hindlimbs
- Pelvic limb is relatively fixed to trunk at sacroiliac joint
- proximal pelvic limb is more robust
- thoracic limb is relatively more columnar
Describe the role of the pelvic limb
Power and propulsion - drive the body forwards - power the body upwards/over obsticles - kicking Some non locomotor function - scratching - cocking the leg
What are the joints in the pelvic limb?
- Sacroiliac
- Coxofemoral (hip)
- Stifle (knee) - femorotibial, patellofemoral, superior tibiofibular
- tarsus
- metatarsophalangeal
- interphalangeal (DIP, PIP)
Name the muscle involved in hip extension - gluteals
- deep gluteal
- middle gluteal
- superficial gluteal
Name the muscle involved in hip extension - hamstrings
- semimembranosus
- semitendinosus
- biceps femoris
Name the muscles involved in hip flexion
Cranial thigh muscles
- sartorius
- quadriceps femoris
- tensor fasciae latae
Name the muscles involved in hip adduction-abduction
Abduction carried out by gluteal muscles (minor)
Medial thigh muscles (Adductors)
- gracilis: adductor
Name the muscles involved in stifle flexion
Hamstrings
Gastrocnemius
Name the muscles involved in stifle extension
Mainly quadriceps
- rectus femoris
- 3 vasti
Name the muscles involved in tarsal joint extension
Gastrocnemius
Name the muscle involved in tarsal joint extension
Cranial tibial
What is the reciprocal apparatus (horse)?
Peroneus tertius and superficial digital flexor - join femur to tarsus and metatarsus
What does the reciprocal apparatus link?
Flexion of stifle and hock
Extension of stifle and hock
What is the function of the reciprocal apparatus?
Reciprocally link the movements at the stifle and tarsus - always flex together and always extend together
- swing phase = clear limb from the ground
- stance phase = part of the passive stay apparatus
What is the lumbosacral plexus?
Supplies all pelvic limb structures
- located on the medial wall of the pelvis
L4 - S2
