112 Benign Melanocytic Neoplasms Flashcards
Regarding ephelides:
They are more common in individuals with blond/red hair
T
Regarding ephelides:
They are present at birth
F - they begin to appear within the first 3 years of life
Regarding ephelides:
The hyperpigmentation is the result of sun induced melanogenesis and the transport of an increased number of fully melanized melanosomes from melanocytes to keratinocytes
T
Regarding ephelides:
Variants in the gene for melanocortin-1 receptor are related to the development of red hair and freckles
T
Regarding ephelides:
They occur in all areas of the body including mucous membranes
F - sunexposed areas only. Not MM
Regarding ephelides:
They are well demarcated - 2-5 cm in size and can be as dark as lentinges and junctional naevi
F
1-3mm in size - occasional larger
Light to dark brown rarely as dark as lentigo or naevi
Regarding ephelides:
They do not increase in number and do not fade with time
F
They can increase in number and distribution and fade with aging
Regarding ephelides:
Are benign
T - propensity for melanocytic transformation
Regarding ephelides:
Are not a precursor to melanoma
T - but marker of UV damage hence increased risk of UV induced neoplasia
Regarding ephelides:
The histopath show:
Keratinocytes with increase in melanin content - predominately in the basal layer
Occasional melanophages in the papillary dermis
No increase in the number of melanocytes - but they can be larger and and have more branching of dendrites
T
Regarding ephelides:
The DDX includes:
Simple lentigo
Solar lentigo
Small cafe au lait
Junctional naevi
T
Lighter than simple lentigo and responsive to sun
Smaller than and multiple compared cafe au lait macules
Regarding ephelides:
Treatment includes -
Photoprotection
Topical retinoids and hydroquinone to lighten
Cryotherapy
Pigment laser
T
Photoprotection
Topical retinoids and hydroquinone to lighten - but limited results
Destructive therapies (can cause dyspigmentation that is more distressing than original lesion)
Cryotherapy
Pigment laser
Regarding ephelides:
Is a brown macule with an early age of onset and little to no relationship to sun exposure
F
That describes a simple lentigo
An ephelide or freckle is small, well circumscribed pigmented macule found only on sun exposed skin of individuals with fair skin
