11.2

Question 1

Ocean current?

Answer 1

A large amount of ocean water that means, in a particular or unchanged direction

Question 2

How many ocean currents are there in the world?

Answer 2

Over 20

Question 3

What do ocean currents Carry?

Answer 3

Vast quantity of dissolved minerals, Solar energy, carbon dioxide, plankton

Question 4

Plankton?

Answer 4

Microscopic plants and animals that are essential food sources for all the other organisms in the ocean

Question 5

What is the largest ocean current in the world?

Answer 5

Antarctic circumpolar

Question 6

What r the two types of ocean currents?

Answer 6

Surface currents

Deep water currents

Question 7

Wind action?

Answer 7

The movement of surface currents

Question 8

What is the movement of deep currents caused by?

Answer 8

Temperature and salinity of water

Question 9

What’s another way that the ocean moves?

Answer 9

Waves ruffling the surface of the water and the rise and fall of the water level (tide)

Question 10

What makes surface currents move?

Answer 10

Wind, spinning of earth on its axis, the shape of earths land masses, uneven heating of the atmosphere

Question 11

Wind is the result of…

Answer 11

Masses of air moving rapidly from one area to another cuz of temperature differences

Question 12

How is wind created

Answer 12

As air get heated by the sun, the Particles gain energy and expand. This makes them less dense so they rise. When that happens, cooler, denser air quickly moves into the area left empty by the rising air molecules

Question 13

What are the direction and speed of surface currents connected to?

Answer 13

Connected to the direction and speed of the wind blowing over the water

Question 14

What does the spinning of earth on its axis effect?

Answer 14

Winds and ocean currents

Question 15

What way does earth spin?

Answer 15

West to east (clockwise)

Question 16

How does the earth spinning effect ocean currents and winds?

Answer 16

as winds and currents move over this spinning body, there path gets redirects (deflected) depending in which side of the equater there on

Question 17

What is this alteration of direction called?

Answer 17

The Coriolis effect

Question 18

What direction would the wind be blowing if u were standing on the surface if the earth in the northern hemisphere?

Answer 18

Right (east)

Question 19

What direction would the wind be blowing if you were at standing on the surface of the earth in the Southern Hemisphere?

Answer 19

Left (west)

Question 20

How do continents affect surface currents?

Answer 20

Effect how and where surface currents move

Question 21

Even though all the oceans are connected, how do we treat it?

Answer 21

We treat it as 5 different ocean basins separated by the natural barriers of the continents

Question 22

What makes deep currents move?

Answer 22

Water temperature and salinity

Question 23

What does temperature affect?

Answer 23

The density of water

Question 24

The colder the water, the greater or lesser the density?

Answer 24

Greater

Question 25

Where does denser, colder water, tend to sink?what will the water do?

Answer 25

Sink beneath warmer water, where the water will move along the ocean floor.

Question 26

What is the sinking and movement of dense water beneath surface water called?

Answer 26

Density current

Question 27

What are the three layers of ocean water?

Answer 27

Surface layer (mixed layer), thermocline, deep water

Question 28

What's the warmest layer of the oceans and why?

Answer 28

The surface water where the Suns energy heats the water

Question 29

What keeps the temperature mostly consistent in surface water?

Answer 29

Surface currents

Question 30

What is layer in the ocean where the temperature drops rapidly ?

Answer 30

Lower down where the effects of the sun cannot be felt (thermocline)

Question 31

Approximately, what is the temperature in the deep water?

Answer 31

Approximately 2°c

Question 32

Where do thermocline a also occur?

Answer 32

Lakes

Question 33

Is water with high salinity or low salinity denser?

Answer 33

High

Question 34

How does the salinity in ocean water change from one place to another?

Answer 34

- adding fresh water to ocean water decreases density | - Ice melting

Question 35

How do u increase the salinity?

Answer 35

- evaporation takes water out of a system leaving the water saltier - freezing - salt in the water is left behind when the fresh water freezes

Question 36

What is the freezing point for salt water?

Answer 36

1.9°c

Question 37

Where is the saltiest, coldest, and densest water found?

Answer 37

North and South Pole

Question 38

Upwelling?

Answer 38

The rising of the water from the deep

Question 39

What does upwelling bring to the surface and what does this feed?

Answer 39

Brings nutrient rich water to the surface which feeds plankton

Question 40

How can surface winds coming off land cause upwelling?

Answer 40

As strong winds blow the surface water away from the shire, deep ocean water rises to take its place

Question 41

Why does bc water have a greenish tint?

Answer 41

Because of the great abundance of organic material found here

Question 42

Why is bc waters the perfect place for tiny ocean plants called phytoplankton?

Answer 42

Upwelling provides the right amount of balance of temperature and nutrients supply making the perfect environment for phytoplankton

Question 43

Swells?

Answer 43

Lately, rolling waves that form In The open oceans

Question 44

Breakers?

Answer 44

When swells meet shallow waters

Question 45

How are tsunamis caused?

Answer 45

- earthquake beneath the ocean floor - a landslide - volcanic eruption

Question 46

What do waves have the power to do?

Answer 46

Power to erode even the hardest rocky coast and deposited great amount of sediments in shore

Question 47

What does the quickness of a coastline eroding depend on?

Answer 47

- force if wave hitting the land | - type of rock the land is made from

Question 48

What type of coastlines are created as a result of erosion and deposition?

Answer 48

- steep cliffs that rise like rock walls from the water | - sandy beaches with long, low slopes

Question 49

Headlands?

Answer 49

Sections of the coastline that extend into the ocean

Question 50

Much of how waves behave once they reach a coastline depends on...

Answer 50

Depends on the shape of the coastline

Question 51

Why do headlands happen?

Answer 51

Typically they are made of harder rock than the surrounding land

Question 52

Bays?

Answer 52

Indented areas in the coastline where the ocean reaches into the land

Question 53

What happens when waves reach a bay?

Answer 53

Waves arnt traveling with the same amount of energy as they did when they hit the headlands

Question 54

Tide?

Answer 54

The daily cycle of rising and falling ocean water

Question 55

Who are tides caused?

Answer 55

Gravitational attraction between the earth and the moon

Question 56

Why do earth and moon have a gravitational attraction?

Answer 56

Because they are so close to eachother

Question 57

What side is the gravitational attraction the strongest?

Answer 57

The side where the earth is closest to the moon

Question 58

What way does the water go?

Answer 58

Where the gravitational attraction is the strongest, meaning that the water is getting pulled away from the earth

Question 59

What is the result of the gravitational attraction?

Answer 59

Bulge, or rise, In the water creating a high tide

Question 60

What is happening on the side of earth opposite of the moon?

Answer 60

The water is now farther to the moon than the earths mass is. Therefore, earth is being pulled by the moon away from the water, which causes a bulge on this side of the water too

Question 61

What is happening to the water in between both high tides?

Answer 61

Water is being pulled towards the bulges, causing low tides in those areas

Question 62

At any given point on earth, how many high and low tides are experienced each day?

Answer 62

2 high tides | 2 low tides

Question 63

Tidal range?

Answer 63

The difference between high and low tides

Question 64

What has a big effect on tides range?

Answer 64

The shape of coastlines

Question 65

Why does the bay of fundi have a high tides range?

Answer 65

The bay of fundi is long and narrow. So water rushes towards the shire at high tide, it gets funnelled into a smaller area

Question 66

How does the sun play a big role on tides?

Answer 66

When the sun and moon are lined up, there gravitational pull is combined to creat especially high or low tides

Question 67

What are these tides called when the sun and moon are lined up and how many times do they occur each month?

Answer 67

Spring tides and they occur twice a month

Question 68

What happens when the sun and moon arnt aligned

Answer 68

There gravitational pull on earths water is reduced (high tides arnt as high and low tides arnt as low as usual)

Question 69

What is it called when the sun and moon are not aligned?

Answer 69

Neap tides