1.1.1 Structure and Function of the Processor Flashcards
What is the purpose of the CPU?
It processes all the data and instructions to make a system work.
What are the CPU’s main 3 parts?
- The Control Unit (CU)
- The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
- Registers
What does the Control Unit (CU) do?
It executes instructions and controls the flow of data in the CPU
What does the Arithmetic Logic Unit do (ALU)?
- Does all the calculations
- Performs Arithmetic and Logical operations (AND, OR , NOT)
- Performs binary shifts
What are the Registers and what do they do?
Registers are small fast storage units inside the CPU
* temporarily store data
* store arithmetic, logical and shift operations occur in these
registers.
What are the two types of registers?
- Memory Address Register (MAR)
- Memory Data Register (MDR)
What does the MAR do?
Holds the address of a location that is to be read from or written to.
What does the MDR do?
Temporarily stores data that has been read or data that needs to be written.
What does the Program Counter do?
Holds the address of the next instruction to be executed.
What does the Accumulator do?
Stores results of calculations in the ALU
What does the Current Instruction Register do?
Holds the current instruction being
executed, divided up into operand and
opcode.
What are buses?
A set of parallel wires which connect two or more components inside the CPU.
Name the three buses:
- Data Bus
- Address Bus
- Control Bus
What is the data bus used for?
To carry the data from one place to
another
What is the address bus used for?
To transmit the memory addresses specifying where data is to be sent
to or retrieved from.
