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B11- PHOTOSYNTHESIS > 11.1- OVERVIEW OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS > Flashcards

11.1- OVERVIEW OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS Flashcards

1
Q

What is the main photosynthetic structure in eukaryotic plants?

A

leaf

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2
Q

What is the cellular organelle where photosynthesis happens?

A

chloroplasts

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3
Q

Adaptations of leaf for photosynthesis- large SA

A

absorb as much sunlight as possible

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4
Q

Adaptations of leaf for photosynthesis- arrangement of leaves on plant

A

minimise overlapping + so avoids shadowing of one lead by another

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5
Q

Adaptations of leaf for photosynthesis- thin

A

as most light absorbed in first few micrometres of leaf + diffusion distance for gases kept short

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6
Q

Adaptations of leaf for photosynthesis- transparent cuticle + epidermis

A

let light through to photosynthetic mesophyll cells beneath

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7
Q

Adaptations of leaf for photosynthesis- long, narrow upper mesophyll cells packed with chloroplasts

A

collects sunlight

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8
Q

Adaptations of leaf for photosynthesis- numerous stomata

A

for gas exchange so all mesophyll cells only short diffusion pathway from one

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9
Q

Adaptations of leaf for photosynthesis- stomata opening/closing

A

open + close in response to changes in light intensity

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10
Q

Adaptations of leaf for photosynthesis- many air spaces in lower mesophyll layer

A

allow rapid diffusion in gas phase of carbon dioxide + oxygen

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11
Q

Adaptations of leaf for photosynthesis- network of xylem + phloem

A

xylem- brings water to leaf cells

phloem- carries away sugars produced during photosynthesis

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12
Q

Overall symbol equation for photosynthesis?

A

6CO2 + 6H20 -> C6H12O6 + 6O2

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13
Q

What are the three main stages of photosynthesis?

A

capturing of light energy
LDR
LIR

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14
Q

How does the capturing of light for photosynthesis happen?

A

by chloroplast pigments such as chlorophyll

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15
Q

What happens in LDR?

A

some of the light energy absorbed conserved in chemical bonds
during process an electron flow created by effect of light on chlorophyll, causing water to split (photolysis) into protons, electrons + oxygen
products are reduced NADP, ATP + oxygen

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16
Q

What happens in LIR?

A

protons used to produce sugars + other organic molecules

17
Q

Typically, how long are chloroplasts and what is their diameter like?

A

2-10µm long

1µm in diameter

18
Q

What are the two distinct regions inside the chloroplast membranes?

A

grana + stroma

19
Q

What are the grana?

A

stacks of up to 100 disc-like structures called thylakoids where LDR happens

20
Q

What do some thylakoids have?

A

tubular extensions that join up thylakoids in adjacent grana- called intergranal lamellae

21
Q

What is the stroma?

A

fluid-filled matrix where LIR happen

within stroma are number of other structures i.e. starch grains

B11- PHOTOSYNTHESIS (3 decks)

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