1.11

Question 1

First generation language

Answer 1

Machine code is a first-generation language where instructions are directly executable by the processor and written in binary code.

Question 2

Low-level language

Answer 2

A low-level language is a programming language that directly translates to machine code understood by the processor.

Question 3

Second generation language

Answer 3

Assembly code is a second-generation language that uses mnemonics that correspond almost exactly to machine code instructions.

Question 4

High-level language

Answer 4

A high-level programming language uses English-like statements to allow users to program with easy to use code.

Question 5

State two disadvantages of high-level languages?

Answer 5

The disadvantages of high-level languages are:

users cannot directly manipulate hardware

the program may be less efficient.

Question 6

Translator

Answer 6

A translator is a program that translates program source code into machine code so it can be executed by a processor.

Question 7

Compiler

Answer 7

A compiler is a translator that translates high-level languages into machine code all in one go, typically used when a program is finished.

Question 8

Interpreter

Answer 8

An interpreter is a translator that translates high-level languages into machine code one line at a time as the program runs.

Question 9

What does an assembler do?

Answer 9

An assembler is used to translate low-level assembly code into machine code.

Question 10

What features can an editor provide?

Answer 10

An editor can provide basic formatting tools such as:

coloured keywords

auto-completion/correction

code commenting tools.

Question 11

How do error diagnostics help with errors?

Answer 11

Error diagnostics can:

highlight code areas with errors

provide direct error messages

allow step-by-step debugging to find logic errors.