1.1 What is the Internet? Flashcards
host/end system definition
devices that are connected to the internet
- they run network apps
- smartphones, laptops, smart watches, smart appliances, etc
network app
anything that uses the internet or a local network to give you access to content, services, or communication
- e.g. social media, streaming apps, messaging apps
- run on hosts
communication link
allows data to be transferred between routers, switches, & hosts
- the pathway through which info travels across a network
communication link 2 types
physical: cables/wireless connections
- cables: Ethernet, fiber
- wireless: WiFi, cellular
logical: virtual or software-defined connections
- protocols like TCP/IP
transmission rate (bandwidth) meaning
the maximum amount of data that can be transmitted over a network connection in a certain time period
- usually measured in bits per sec (bps)
packet switch
device/system that directs data packets from one device to another
- determines the best path for packets to travel most efficiently
internet standards
guidelines that ensure different devices, networks, apps can communicate
RFCs (Request For Comments) written by the IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force)
network definition
collection of devices, routers, & links
managed by an organization
everything that happens in networks is governed by:
protocols - a set of rules that helps devices communicate over the internet
- rules for how messages are sent
- rules for what actions are taken when the message is received
internet definition
a network of networks
- interconnected ISPs
switch vs router
switch: connects LOCAL devices in a office/home network
router: connects the ENTIRE network to the internet, uses IP addresses
What is the IETF?
Internet Engineering Task Force - responsible for creating the internet
develops internet protocols (TCP, HTTP, SMTP)
maintains RFCs
IP definition
stands for Internet Protocol
address system - every device has a unique IP address
IP routes data from one device to another across networks
ISP definition
Internet Service Provider
a company that gives you access to the internet
your devices connect to the internet through your modem/router
Why is circuit switching inefficient?
It pre-allocates use of the transmission link regardless of demand
> unneeded resources go unused
All activity in the Internet that involves two or more communicating remote entities is:
governed by a protocol.
Average throughput of a file
bits / seconds to receive all bits
Internet history events
- ARPAnet is created; first node is operational
- Internetting: DARPA researchers connect 3 networks together
- Creation of WWW
- Number of wireless Internet devices surpasses the number of wired Internet devices
