11. Volcanoes: types of destruction

Question 1

massive destruction by EQ material

Answer 1

• volcanic materials produced during eruptions include lava, pyroclasts that consist of rock fragments & volcanic bombs
• e.g. eruption of Nevado del Ruiz in Andes mountains of South America 1985 released pyroclastic flow

Question 2

pollution

Answer 2

• ash particles disrupt human activities over long distance
• also releases harmful gases to people
• e.g. Eyjafjallajokull, Iceland 2010 –> produced ash clouds containing debris –> dangerous to aircraft engines & structures –> connecting flight cancalled worldwide, causing delays to 1.2 mil passengers daily –> cost airline industry US$1.8 bil