1.1 Vocab Flashcards
What is an individual?
People or objects in the study
What is a variable?
Characteristics of the individuals to be measured or observed.
What are the two types of Variables?
Quantitative and Qualitative
What is a Quantitative Variable?
Has a value or numerical measurement
What is a Qualitative Variable?
Describes an individual categorically or by placing info into groups.
What is another name for a Quantitative Variable?
Categorical variable
What is a population?
The data from every individual of interest - fixed or complete
What is a sample?
The data from only some of the population - incomplete and data can change due to different samples
What is a parameter?
A numerical measure that describes an aspect of a population
What is a statistic?
A numerical measure that describes an aspect of a sample
What are the Levels of Measurement?
Nominal, Ordinal, Interval, and Ratio
What is a nominal level of measurement?
Data that consists of names, labels, or categories - no order from smallest to largest
What is an ordinal level or measurement?
Data that can be arranged in order; however, differences between data values are meaningless.
What is an Interval level of measurement?
Data that can be arranged in order and differences are meaningful, no true zero
What is a Ratio level of measurement?
Data that that can be arranged in order and differences between data and ratios of values are meaningful. Have a true zero.
What level of measurement is temperature?
Interval
What are descriptive statistics?
Statistics involving methods of organizing, picturing, and summarizing information from samples or populations.
What are inferential statistics?
Statistics involving methods of using information from a sample to draw conclusions regarding the population.
What is the average miles per gallon (mpg) for all new cars? Using Consumer
Reports, a random sample of 35 new cars gave an average of 21.1 mpg.
A) identify the variable.
B) is the variable quantitative or qualitative?
C) what is the implied population?
A) mpg
B) quantitative
C) gas mileage for all new cars
Categorize: nominal, ordinal, interval, or ration.
Length of time to complete an exam
Ratio
Categorize: nominal, ordinal, interval, or ration.
Time of first class
Interval
Categorize: nominal, ordinal, interval, or ration.
major field of study
Nominal
Categorize: nominal, ordinal, interval, or ration.
Course evaluation scale: poor, acceptable, good
Ordinal
Categorize: nominal, ordinal, interval, or ration.
Score on last exam (based on 100 point scale)
Ratio
Categorize: nominal, ordinal, interval, or ration.
Age of student
Ratio
Categorize: nominal, ordinal, interval, or ration.
Salesperson’s performance: below average, average, above average
Ordinal
Categorize: nominal, ordinal, interval, or ration.
Price of company’s stock
Ratio
Categorize: nominal, ordinal, interval, or ration.
names of new products
Nominal
Categorize: nominal, ordinal, interval, or ration.
Temperature (F) in an office
Interval
Categorize: nominal, ordinal, interval, or ration.
Gross income for each of the past 5 years
Ratio
Categorize: nominal, ordinal, interval, or ration.
Color of product packaging
Nominal
Categorize: nominal, ordinal, interval, or ration.
Species of fish: perch, bass, pike, trout
Nominal
Categorize: nominal, ordinal, interval, or ration.
Cost of rod and reel
Ratio
Categorize: nominal, ordinal, interval, or ration.
Time of return home
Interval
Categorize: nominal, ordinal, interval, or ration.
Guidebook rating of fishing area: poor, fair, good
Ordinal
Categorize: nominal, ordinal, interval, or ration.
Number of fish caught
Ratio
Categorize: nominal, ordinal, interval, or ration.
Temperature of water
Interval
