1.1 The stages of design from inception to completion Flashcards
Name the RIBA Stages from Inception to Completion. (ISSUED)
Previous 2013:
RIBA Stages 0-7
0 - Strategic definition.
1 - Preparation and brief.
2 - Concept design.
3 - Developed design.
4 - Technical design.
5 - Construction.
6 - Handover and closeout.
7 - In use
New 2020:
0 - Strategic definition.
1 - Preparation and briefing.
2 - Concept design.
3 – Spatial Coordination
4 - Technical design.
5 – Manufacturing and Construction.
6 - Handover.
7 - use.
What is the significance of the RIBA Stages 0-7?
Stage 0
This is the first of the two new stages introduced into the 2013 edition, which strategically appraises and defines the project before a detailed design brief is created, for example in the context of sustainability, a refurbishment and/or extension may be more appropriate than a new build.
Stage 1 / Stages A and B
This stage deals with developing the initial project brief and any related feasibility studies to help enable the development of the concept design. It also involves the ‘preparation tasks’ such as assembling the project team and defining each party’s roles and responsibilities.
Stage 2 / Stage C
Here, the initial concept design is produced in line with the design brief established in stage 1, and presented to the client. This is likely to be the first time they will see what the architect is proposing and as long as the briefing process was carried out and communicated correctly, it should be a very exciting meeting.
Stage 3 / Stage D and E (in part)
The concept design from stage 2 is further developed to meet the clients requirements in terms of liveability and how they propose to use the new spaces. Once completed, the planning drawings and documents (if required) will be drafted and submitted to the local authority for approval.
Once approved, the building services and structural engineers design will begin development and enable a closer cost and project budget analysis.
Stage 4 / Stage E (in part) and F
The structural and building services packages are further refined allowing for any specialist sub-contractor design to be carried out, such as sustainable energies. The architect will consult with the local building regulations officer and prepare the detailed design package showing how roof, wall, floor and opening junctions meet along with the specification.
The specification is best thought of as a recipe for how the building goes together, and will contain every essential ingredient to enable the contractor/builder to build the required proposed design.
At the end of this stage, traditionally the project will be issued to the chosen group of contractors/builders for tender (normally a four to six week period).
Stage 4 (in part) / Stage G, H and J
Once the tenders are received, the quotations will be assessed and analysed before one is chosen ready to start the construction work stage.
Stage 5 / Stage J and K
During this stage the building is constructed in line with the drawings and information produced in the previous stages, and as described here will often be administered by the architect, helping to ensure a smooth construction process.
Stage 6 / Stage L
This stage facilitates the successful handover of the newly completed building, and involves the inspection of the completed works and any defects to be rectified before the production of certification required by the chosen build contract.
Stage 7
This is the second of the two new stages introduced in 2013 to the programme of works and involves a post-occupancy evaluation, covering the projects performance, outcomes and development …it is essentially an aftercare service.
What was the main criticism of the RIBA Stages A-D?
It’s worth noting that since 2013 the plan of work has been significantly amended, and now:
Permits for more than just the traditional method of procurement.
Allows for more divers roles and teams.
Has introduced a new stage both before design and after construction.
The work stages have also been renamed and restructured from the 2007 alphabetised version to the now numerical system.
Do you know of any other plans of work used in various sectors of construction? (ISSUED)
OGC gateways
- 0 Strategic Assessment
- 1 Business justification
- 2 Delivery Strategy
- 3 investment Decision
- Decision Point 1, Outline Design
- Decision Point 2, Detailed Design
- 4 Readiness for Service
- 5 Operations review & benefits realisation (or benefits evaluation)
P22 process Journey Map
- PSCP selection
- Project Start
- Stage 1, SOC
- Stage 2, OBC
- Stage 3, FBC
- Stage 4, Construction
- Stage 5, Aftercare
Can you explain what the RIBA toolbox is?
WIP
What are the advantages of using the RIBA toolbox?
WIP
What is the role of the lead designer? (ISSUED)
The lead designer (sometimes referred to as the design coordinator), directs and coordinates other designers in the consultant team as well as any specialist designers that are appointed. This role might include. This is an important role to help in both risk mitigation through surveys and ensure the project is moving forward.
- Coordinating site surveys.
- Coordinate the preparation of information for the project brief.
- Coordinating the preparation of designs and specifications.
- Integrating different aspects of the design and their interfaces into the overall design.
- Coordinating internal and external consultations and design reviews.
- Defining the form and content of design information to be prepared.
- Reporting to the client on design matters and seeking approvals.
- Coordinating the preparation of schedules of inspections, tests, mock ups and samples.
- Coordinating consultations, negotiations and submissions to planning authorities and other statutory and non statutory authorities.
- Coordinating the preparation of tender documentation and reviewing submissions.
- Coordinating quality control systems.
- Coordinating the issue of production information to contractors and the review of designs prepared by contractors.
- Coordinating procedures for inspections, commissioning, testing and client training.
The lead designer will often be the architect, however this is not always the case and appointment documents for other consultants will generally offer provision for them the be nominated lead designer.
For example, on a very highly serviced building, or part of a building, the services engineer might be an appropriate lead designer. The building surveyor might be appointed as lead designer on a refurbishment or renovation project where their training and expertise in building materials applied to the existing fabric makes them uniquely qualified for the role
Who is usually appointed as lead designer in the early RIBA stages?
The architect
As a QS what might you be expected to do at each RIBA stage?
Stage 0 Strategic Definition- DTM, provide general cost analysis on a functional unit basis to provide the client with an idea to the cost of a project. The Strategic Brief may require a review of a number of sites or alternative options, such as extensions, refurbishment or new build. By asking the right questions, the consultants, in collaboration with the client, can properly define the scope for a project, and the preparation and briefing process can then begin.
Stage 1 Preparation and Brief- Cost Plan, developing the Initial Project Brief and any related Feasibility Studies. assembling the project team and defining each party’s roles and responsibilities and the Information Exchanges . the project’s spatial requirements — the desired Project Outcomes, which may be derived following Feedback from earlier and similar projects the site or context, by undertaking site appraisals and collating Site Information, including building surveys.the budget.A project Risk Assessment is required to determine the risks to each party. The development of the procurement strategy, Project Programme and, in some instances, a (town) planning strategy are all part of this early risk analysis.
Stage 2 Concept Design- Cost Plan During Stage 2, the initial Concept Design is produced in line with the requirements of the Initial Project Brief. The project team also develops, in parallel with the Concept Design, a number of Project Strategies. Their importance at this stage will depend on how they are to influence the Concept Design. For example, the Sustainability Strategy is likely to be a fundamental component of the Concept Design, whereas a security strategy may have minimal or no impact and can therefore be developed during a later stage.In parallel with design activity, a number of other related tasks need to be progressed in response to the emerging design, including a review of the Cost Information, the development of a Construction Strategy, a Maintenance and Operational Strategy and a Health and Safety Strategy and updating of the Project Execution Plan
Stage 3 Developed Design - Cost Plan By the end of Stage 3, the architectural, building services and structural engineering designs will all have been developed, and will have been checked by the lead designer, with the stage design coordinated and the Cost Information aligned to the Project Budget.Project Strategies that were prepared during Stage 2 should be developed further and in sufficient detail to allow the client to sign them off once the lead designer has checked each strategy and verified that the Cost Information incorporates adequate allowances.Change Control Procedures should be implemented to ensure that any changes to the Concept Design are properly considered and signed off, regardless of how they are instigated.
Stage 4 -Technial Design, Cost Plan, PTEThe architectural, building services and structural engineering designs are now further refined to provide technical definition of the project and the design work of specialist subcontractors is developed and concluded. The level of detail produced by each designer will depend on whether the construction on site will be built in accordance with the information produced by the design team or based on information developed by a specialist subcontractor. The Design Responsibility Matrix sets out how these key design interfaces will be managed.Once the work of the design team has been progressed to the appropriate level of detail, as defined in the Design Responsibility Matrix and the Design Programme, specialist subcontractors and/or suppliers undertaking design work will be able to progress their design work. The lead designer and other designers, where required as part of their Schedule of Services, may have duties to review this design information and to ensure that specialist subcontractor design work is integrated with the coordinated design. By the end of this stage, all aspects of the design will be completed, apart from minor queries arising from the site during the construction stage. In many projects, Stage 4 and 5 work occurs concurrently, particularly the specialist subcontractor design aspects.
Stage 5 -Construction, Valuations. EoT, Change Control,During this stage, the building is constructed on site in accordance with the Construction Programme. Construction includes the erection of components that have been fabricated off site. The procurement strategy and/or the designer’s specific Schedule of Services will have set out the designer’s duties to respond to Design Queries from site generated in relation to the design, to carry out site inspections and to produce quality reports.
Stage 6 - Handover and close out, Final Account. The project team’s priorities during this stage will be facilitating the successful handover of the building in line with the Project Programme and, in the period immediately following, concluding all aspects of the Building Contract, including the inspection of defects as they are rectified or the production of certification required by the Building Contract. Other services may also be required during this period. These will be dictated by project specific Schedules of Services, which should be aligned with the procurement and Handover Strategies. Tasks in relation to the Handover Strategy can be wide-ranging and may include: • attending Feedback workshops — considering how any lessons learned might be applied on future projects • undertaking tasks in relation to commissioning or ensuring the successful operation and management of the building.
Stage 7 - In use- Defect Laibility Period This is a new stage within the RIBA Plan of Work. It acknowledges the potential benefits of harnessing the project design information to assist with the successful operation and use of a building. While it is likely that many of the handover duties will be completed during Stage 6, prior to conclusion of the Building Contract, certain activities may be required or necessary afterwards. These should be confirmed in the relevant Schedule of Services. While the end of a building’s life might be considered at Stage 7, it is more likely that Stage 0 of the followon project or refurbishment would deal with these aspects as part of strategically defining the future of the building.
What information do you require to produce a functional cost estimate?
NRM
What is a functional cost estimate?
What types are there?
What information is required?
What information do you require to produce a floor area estimate?
NRM
What is afloor area cost estimate?
What types are there?
What information is required?
What information do you require to produce an elemental estimate?
NRM
What is an elemantal estiamte,
What types are there?
What information is needed?
What information do you require to produce cost plan no. 1?
NRM
What is cost plan 1 estiamte,
What information is needed?
What information do you require to produce cost plan no. 2?
NRM
What is cost plan 2 estiamte,
What information is needed?
What information do you require to produce cost plan no. 3?
NRM
What is cost plan 3 estiamte,
What information is needed?
