1.1 The Drainage Basin System

Question 1

the cycle of water between the atmosphere, lithosphere and biosphere (around the planet) is known as…

Answer 1

the hydrological cycle

Question 2

a drainage basin is an area that is …………………. by a river.

Answer 2

drained

Question 3

Evaporation is an …. that is the process by which a liquid is changed into a …

Answer 3

output

gas

Question 4

evaporation increases…and so losses are greater in…

Answer 4

under warm, dry conditions

arid and semi-arid climates

Question 5

evaporation decreases…and so losses are lower in…

Answer 5

under cold, calm condistions

polar regions

Question 6

factors affecting evaporation include…the most important factor is…but other factors include…

Answer 6

temperature, humidity and wind speed

temperature

water available, vegetation cover and albedo

Question 7

transpiration

Answer 7

process where water vapour escapes from plants

Question 8

evapotranspiration

Answer 8

the loss of water from a drainage basin into the atmosphere from the leaves of plants + loss from evaporation.

Question 9

EVT

Answer 9

evapotranspiration

Question 10

precipitation is an…of a drainage basin and is condensed moisture in the atmosphere in the form of rain, sleet, snow etc.

Answer 10

input

Question 11

PPT

Answer 11

precipitation

Question 12

interflow

Answer 12

water flowing downhill through permeable rock above the water table

Question 13

throughflow

Answer 13

the movement of water downslope within the soil layer. Throughflow is fast through pipes

Question 14

percolation

Answer 14

the gravity flow of water within the soil.

Question 15

water vapour is when liquid is changed into…

Answer 15

a gas suspended in the atmosphere

Question 16

confluence

Answer 16

where two rivers meet

Question 17

hydrological cycle

Answer 17

the movement of water between the atmosphere, lithosphere and biosphere

Question 18

infiltration

Answer 18

describes when precipitation enters the soil

Question 19

stemflow

Answer 19

water running down a plant stem or tree trunk

Question 20

overland flow

Answer 20

aka as surface runoff is when precipitation flows over the land

Question 21

interception

Answer 21

when vegetation interrupts the flow of precipitation from the atmosphere to the ground

Question 22

surface runoff/overland flow

Answer 22

the movement of water over the surface of the land, usually when the ground is saturated or frozen or when precipitation is too intense from infiltration to occur

Question 23

potential evapotranspiration

Answer 23

P.EVT