1.1 system architecture Flashcards

1
Q

What is a CPU

A

A Central Processing Unit

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2
Q

What is the MAR

A

A Memory address register

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3
Q

What is the MDR

A

A memory data register

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4
Q

What happens in the fetch stage

A

Fetches data from main memory to the CPU

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5
Q

What is the PC

A

Program Counter

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6
Q

What does Hertz measure

A

Fetch-execute cycles per second

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7
Q

How many levels of cache are there

A

3

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8
Q

In simple terms, what is a core

A

A complete replica of the CPU

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9
Q

by how much does the PC increment by each fetch-execute cycle

A

1

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10
Q

what does ALU stand for

A

Arithmetic Logic Unit

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11
Q

the prefix “giga-“ means

A

billion

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12
Q

give an example of a fixed program computer

A

a calculator

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13
Q

true or false? data is held in hexadecimal form

A

false

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14
Q

is a touchscreen input or output

A

both

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15
Q

what is a microcontroller

A

a CPU with an integrated memory

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16
Q

give 3 examples of embedded systems

A

hospital equipment, domestic appliances, and traffic lights

17
Q

what is the function of the CPU

A

The CPU performs basic arithmetic, logic, controlling, and input/output operations specified by the instructions in the program.

18
Q

what does the data bus do

A

is carries data around the system

19
Q

how many registers are there

A

4

20
Q

what is overclocking

A

it is where the computer carries out fetch-execute cycles faster than it should