1.1 OVERVIEW OF THE WORLD’S MAJOR LANDFORMS

Question 1

_______________ are physical features on the Earth’s surface that form terrain of an area.

Answer 1

Landforms

Question 2

________________, _________________ and __________________ are the three major types of landforms.

Answer 2

Mountains, plateaus, and plains

Question 3

Minor landforms include ____________, _______________, _______________ and _____________.

Answer 3

Hills, gorges, valleys, and basins.

Question 4

______________________ and ___________________ (internal processes) in the Earth’s interior can create landforms by pushing up mountains and hills.

Answer 4

Tectonic plate movement and volcanic activities

Question 5

Erosion by water and wind (external processes) can erode land and create minor landforms like ______________, _____________ and ________________.

Answer 5

Gullies, river valleys, and gorges.

Question 6

T/F
Internal and external processes happen over a short period of time.

Answer 6

False, sometimes it can even take millions of years.

Question 7

It took a very long period to cut the deep Abbay Gorge between the towns of ________________ in ________________, _________________ and ________________ in __________________, _________________.

Answer 7

Goha Tsion in North Shewa, Oromia and Dejen in East Gojam, Amhara National Regional State.

Question 8

The Abbay Gorge thus cuts down about __________m deep between the two towns

Answer 8

1000 m

Question 9

T/F
The major landforms (mountains, plateaus and plains) are scarcely distributed on the earth’s surface.

Answer 9

False

Question 10

The surface of the Earth is covered by __________ and __________.

Answer 10

Land and water

Question 11

The landforms make up _____________ and the water forms ____________.

Answer 11

Continents, Oceans

Question 12

T/F
Islands are the largest landmasses
in the world.

Answer 12

False, it’s continents

Question 13

The Earth is divided into seven continents, from largest to smallest are:

Answer 13

Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Oceania (Australia)

Question 14

___________ are large areas of salt water between the continents.

Answer 14

Oceans

Question 15

T/F
All the oceans are connected, making them one big ocean with no division.

Answer 15

False, they are separated by their location and the way the water in them moves.

Question 16

List the five oceans in the world.

Answer 16

The Arctic Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, and the Southern Ocean.

Question 17

T/F
The oceans together cover small areas of the Earth.

Answer 17

False

Question 18

Oceans cover __________ percent of the Earth.

Answer 18

71%

Question 19

The _____________ is both the largest and the deepest ocean, which covers __________ of the Earth’s surface.

Answer 19

Pacific Ocean, one-third

Question 20

Oceans are important factors for creating or forming coastal land features such as ____________, ____________ and ____________.

Answer 20

Islands, peninsulas, isthmuses.

Question 21

_____________ is a piece of ground that is completely surrounded by water.

Answer 21

An island

Question 22

T/F
Islands can only be small in any part of the world.

Answer 22

False

Question 23

The largest island in the world is _____________.

Answer 23

Greenland

Question 24

______________ is bigger than Greenland but it is so big that it is called a continent instead of an island.

Answer 24

Australia

Question 25

A ______________ is a piece of land that has water on three sides, but it is connected on the fourth side to the mainland.

Answer 25

Peninsula

Question 26

The two well-known peninsulas are ______________ and _______________.

Answer 26

Italy and Florida

Question 27

______________ is a narrow strip of land with water on both sides connecting two larger pieces of land.

Answer 27

An isthmus

Question 28

A well-known example is the __________________ that connects North America to South America.

Answer 28

Isthmus of Panama

Question 29

__________________ are the largest elevated and most recognizable landforms on the Earth’s surface.

Answer 29

Mountains

Question 30

Around mountains, we may find smaller, less steep landforms called ___________.

Answer 30

Hills

Question 31

__________________ are usually formed when rock layers are pushed together from opposite sides.

Answer 31

Mountains

Question 32

The low areas between mountains are called ____________.

Answer 32

Valleys

Question 33

T/F
Mountains are only formed by tectonic activity.

Answer 33

False, they can also be formed by volcanic activity.

Question 34

T/F
Mountains are the only landforms that can be formed by volcanoes.

Answer 34

False

Question 35

The highest landform on Earth is _________________.

Answer 35

Mt. Everest

Question 36

Mt. Everest is a peak in the ________________ Mountain range.

Answer 36

Himalaya’s

Question 37

Mt. Everest is located between _________ and ________ .

Answer 37

Nepal and Tibet

Question 38

Mt. Everest. measures _ meters above sea level.

Answer 38

8,849

Question 39

It is part of the _ range that runs across several countries in South and Southeast Asia

Answer 39

Himalaya Mountain

Question 40

Mt. Everest. runs across several countries in South and Southeast Asia such as: 6

Answer 40

India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, China, and Afghanistan.

Question 41

The mountain range extends _ to _ kms in width and _ kms in length

Answer 41

320 to 400, 1500

Question 42

The Himalayas were formed about 40 to 50 million years ago when the _ plates collided with the _ plate.

Answer 42

Indian tectonic, Eurasian

Question 43

Indian tectonic plate and the Eurasian plates are _ and have the same density.

Answer 43

continental crust

Question 44

When the two plates (Indian tectonic plate and the Eurasian plates) collide,
pushing upwards at their edges formed the _.

Answer 44

Himalayan Mountains

Question 45

Landforms can also exist under oceans in the form of _ and _.

Answer 45

mountain ranges and basins

Question 46

The _, the deepest landform on Earth, is in the _.

Answer 46

Mariana Trench, South Pacific Ocean

Question 47

_ are large areas of flat low land with
no hills or mountains in them.

Answer 47

Plains

Question 48

_ in the mid United States is a good example of a large plain.

Answer 48

The Great Plains

Question 49

Plains are very important areas for _ and_.

Answer 49

Crop cultivation and animal husbandry (ranch)

Question 50

_ are large areas of raised land that are flat on top.

Answer 50

Plateaus

Question 51

Plateaus may be formed by
_ beneath the earth’s surface.

Answer 51

volcanic activity

Question 52

Sometimes the pressure of the magma beneath is not strong enough to break through the crust and create a volcano, hence,
instead, the land is pushed upwards, creating _.

Answer 52

Plateaus

Question 53

T/F
Plateaus are always close to other plateaus.

Answer 53

False, they may stand all by themselves in otherwise
flat land or may sometimes be close to other plateaus.