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A & P I > 11 Muscle > Flashcards

11 Muscle Flashcards

1
Q

Frontal belly of occipitofrontalis

A

raises eyebows and wrinkles forehead

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2
Q

Orbicularis oculi

A

Sphincter muscle around eye, closes eye

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3
Q

Orbicularis oris

A

Sphincter muscle around mouth, closes lips, protrudes lips as in kissing

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4
Q

Zygomaticus major

A

Raises corners of mouth and upper lip posteriorly and superiorly (as in smiling)

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5
Q

Mentalis

A

attaches to lower lip, chin muscle, Protrudes lower lip (pout)

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6
Q

Buccinator

A

Cheek muscle, compresses cheek, holds food between teeth while eating. (babies use it for suckling)

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7
Q

Platysma

A

Thin superficial sheet of muscle on neck. Pulls lower lip inferiorly, tenses neck skin

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8
Q

Depressor anguli oris

A

Pulls corner of mouth inferiorly

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9
Q

Temporalis

A

Elevates mandible and pulls posteriorly (retracts)
broad, fan shaped
from temporal line of skull to coronoid process of mandible

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10
Q

Masseter

A

Elevates mandible and pulls anteriorly (retracts) prime mover closing jaw
most powerful and important masticatory muscle

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11
Q

Lateral Pterygoid

A

Side to side movement of mandible, protracts mandible

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12
Q

Medial Pterygoid

A

Elevates and protracts mandible, side to side movement of mandible

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13
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

extends from sternum and clavicle to mastoid process
If one muscle contracts it rotates head to opposite side. If both muscles contract causes head flexion.

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14
Q

Scalene

A

anterior, middle and posterior
works with sternocleidomastoid to flex neck
extends from transverse prcess of cervical vertebrae
elevates first and second ribs during forced inhalation

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15
Q

Trapezius

A

Diamond shaped muscle
Extends form the skull and vertebral column to pectoral girdle
Elevates and depresses scapula. Extends head.

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16
Q

Erector spinae group: spinalis

A

Most medial.
nserts on spinous processes of vertebrae
composed of cervical and thoracic parts
If one muscle contracts causes lateral flexion of vertebral column. If both muscles contract causes back extension.

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17
Q

Erector spinae group: longissimus

A

Intermediate of the three.
inserts on vertebrae transverse processes
composed of capitis, cervical, and thoracic parts
If one muscle contracts causes lateral flexion of vertebral column. If both muscles contract causes back extension.

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18
Q

Erector spinae group: iliocostalis

A

Most lateral.
has cervical thoracic and lumbar parts
If one muscle contracts causes lateral flexion of vertebral column. If both muscles contract causes back extension.

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19
Q

splenius capitis, splenius cervicis, semispinalis, longissimus capitis

A

posterior neck muscles
when contracted bilaterally, extend neck
when contracted unilaterally, turn head and neck to same side

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20
Q

diaphragm

A

dome-shaped muscle
partitions thoracic and abdominal cavities
most important muscle associated with breathing
fibers conversing toward a fibrous central tendon
contracts during inspiration

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21
Q

External intercostals

A

extends inferomedially from superior rib to adjacent inferior rib
Elevates ribs during inspiration (fibers run inferior and anterior)

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22
Q

Internal intercostals

A

deep to external intercostals, fibers at right angles to external intercostals
Depresses ribs during forced expiration (fibers run inferior and posterior)

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23
Q

transversus thoracis

A

depresses ribs during forced expiration

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24
Q

External oblique

A

superficial, fibers directed inferomedially
muscular along lateral abdominal wall, forms aponeurosis anteriorly
If one side contracts causes rotation at waist. If both muscles contract causes compression of abdomen (fibers run inferior and medial)

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25
Internal oblique
immediately deep to external oblique fibers projecting superomedially, forms aponeurosis projecting anteriorly If one side contracts, causes rotation at waist. If both muscles contract causes compression of abdomen and stabilize vertebral column (fibers run superior and medial) Deep to external oblique.
26
Transversus abdominis
deepest muscle fibers projecting transversely, forms aponeurosis anteriorly Compresses abdomen. Deep to internal oblique (fibers run horizontal)
27
Rectus abdominis
long muscle extending vertically partitioned into four segments by fibrous tendinous intersections enclosed within a fibrous sleeve, rectus sheath (connected by linea alba) formed from aponeuroses of external and internal oblique, transversus Flexes vertebral column
28
Linea alba (not a muscle)
White line of strong connective tissue at midline from xiphoid process to pubic symphysis.
29
Pectoralis minor
Moves scapula anteriorly and down, when contracted shoulders hunch forward deep to pectoralis major
30
Serratus anterior
fans shaped muscle between ribs and scapula superior rotator of the scapula (e.g., upper limb abduction) Agonist in scapula protraction, stabilizes scapula.
31
levator scapulae
originates from transverses processes of cervical vertebrae inserts on superior angle of scapula elevates and inferiorly rotates the scapula
32
rhomboid major and minor
deep to the trapezius runs inferolaterally from vertebrae to scapula helps elevate, retract, and inferiorly rotate the scapula
33
Pectoralis major
thick fan-shaped muscle on superior thorax prime arm flexor; adducts, medially rotates
34
Latissimus dorsi
broad triangular muscle on inferior back prime arm extensor; adducts, medially rotates
35
Deltoid
Prime mover abduction of arm and rotation of arm
36
Subscapularis
Stabilize and medial rotates shoulder Rotator Cuff used when winding up for a pitch
37
Supraspinatus
Stabilize and abducts shoulder Rotator Cuff used when starting to execute pitch
38
Infraspinatus
Stabilize and adducts shoulder Rotator Cuff slows down arm on completion of pitch with teres minor
39
Teres minor
Stabilize and adducts shoulder Rotator Cuff slows down arm on completion of pitch with infraspinatus
40
Brachialis
Prime mover forearm flexion deep to biceps brachii most powerful flexor of forearm
41
Biceps brachii
large two-headed muscle on anterior humerus one of the two primary flexors of the forearm supinator of the forearm when elbow flexed weakly helps flex the humerus long head originates on supraglenoid tubercle of scapula assists in flexing the arm
42
Triceps brachii
long head originates on infraglenoid tubercle, spans joint major extensor of the forearm also helps extend the humerus helps extend and adduct the arm
43
Brachioradialis
Forearm flexion on anterolateral forearm synergistic in elbow flexion
44
Flexor carpi radialis
Flexes wrist and abducts hand
45
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexes wrist and adducts hand
46
Flexor digitorum
Flexes phalanges
47
Extensor carpi radialis
Extends wrist and abducts hand
48
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Extends wrist and adducts hand
49
Extensor digitorum
Extends phalanges
50
Iliacus (part of Iliopsoas) Psoas major (part of iliopsoas)
anterior thigh originate on lumbar vertebrae and ilium merge and insert on femur as iliopsoas work synergistically to flex the thigh
51
tensor fasciae latae
lateral thigh abducts and medially rotates the thigh attaches to lateral thickening of fascia lata termed iliotibial tract
52
adductor brevis, adductor longus, adductor magnus
medial thigh adducts the thigh brevis and longus also flex the thigh magnus also extends and laterally rotates the thight
53
Gracilis
medial thigh Adducts and flexes thigh
54
Biceps femoris
(part of hamstrings) Extension of thigh at hip AND flexion of knee origin on ischial tuberosity
55
Semitendinosus
(part of hamstrings) Extension of thigh at hip AND flexion of knee origin on ischial tuberosity
56
Semimembranosus
(part of hamstrings) Extension of thigh at hip AND flexion of knee origin on ischial tuberosity
57
Quadriceps femoris
Extend leg at knee Four heads are Rectus femoris Vastus lateralis Vastus medialis Vastus intermedius
58
Sartorius
Flexes thigh, rotates thigh laterally, flexes leg
59
Extensor digitorum longus
Extends toes
60
Gastrocnemius
inserts via Achilles tendon/calcaneal tendon on calcaneus Plantar flexion of foot
61
Soleus
Plantar flexion of foot inserts via Achilles tendon/calcaneal tendon on calcaneus. Deep to Gastrocnemius
62
Tibialis anterior
Dorsiflexion of foot
63
gluteus maximus
largest of three gluteal muscles chief extensor of the thigh laterally rotates the thigh
64
gluteus medius and minimus
deep to the gluteus maximus abducts and medially rotates thigh

A & P I (10 decks)

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