1.1 Laboratory Techniques Flashcards
What is a hazard
Anything that poses a potential threat to an individual or the environment
What is a risk
The likelihood of harm arising from exposure to a hazard
What is a risk assessment
A full consideration of all the hazards and the potential risk with controls that can be taken to minimise the risk
What is a linear dilution
When a series of dilutions differ by an equal interval
What is a serial dilution
When a series of dilutions differ by a constant proportion
What is a standard curve used for
To determine the concentration of a solution
What do buffers do
Allow the pH of a reaction mixture to be kept constant
What is centrifugation used for
To separate substances of differing density
What are the 2 different types of chromatography
TLC and Affinity
What is TLC used for
Separating substances based on thing such as amino acids and sugars
What is affinity chromatography used for
Used for separating proteins
Name the 2 types of gel electrophoresis
Native gel and SDS page
What is gel electrophoresis used for
Separating proteins and nucleic acids
What is native gal electrophoresis used for
Separating proteins based of off their shape, size and charge and does not denature the molecule
What is SDS Page gel electrophoresis used for
Separating proteins based on size alone
How does SDS page gel electrophoresis work
All proteins are denatured and given a uniformly negative charge
What is the iso electric point
The pH at which a soluble protein has no net charge/neutral
What happens at the IEP
They precipitate out of solution
What are Immunoassay techniques used for
To detect and identify specific proteins
What do immunoassays use
Stocks of antibodies with the same specificity
What are monoclonal antibodies
Antibodies that are derived from a single clone of cells and recognise and bind to a single part of an antigen
What can bright field microscopy be used to view
Whole or parts of an organism, thin sections of dissected tissue or individual cells
How does fluorescent microscopy work
Uses specific fluorescent labels to bind to certain molecules within cells or tissue. By tagging a particular part of a sample even specific proteins can show up.
What is aseptic technique
All the systems that are used to eliminate unwanted contaminants when culturing micro-organisms
