1.1 Introduction to the particulate nature of mater anche chemical change

Question 1

what are the three states of matter?

Answer 1

solid liquid and gas

Question 2

what do the three states of matter differ in?

Answer 2

arrangement and movement of the particles

Question 3

the particles in the three states of matter can be 3 types

Answer 3

individual atoms, ions, or molecules

Question 4

definition of sublimination

Answer 4

sublimation is the change of state when a substance goes directly from solid state to gaseous state, without passing through the liquid state

Question 5

definition of deposition

Answer 5

deposition is the change of state when a substance goes directly from gaseous state to solid state, without passing through the liquid state

Question 6

what happens to the particles in solids?

Answer 6

the particles vibrate about mean positions

Question 7

what happens to the particles in liquids?

Answer 7

the particles move around each other

Question 8

what happens to the particles in gases?

Answer 8

the particles move at high speeds in all directions

Question 9

at what temperature can evaporation occur?

Answer 9

at any temperature

Question 10

what happens when a solid is heated?

Answer 10

the particles vibrate more and gain kinetic energy

Question 11

definition of chemistry

Answer 11

the study of how chemical elements combine to make the world and the universe

Question 12

definition of an element

Answer 12

it is a pure substance that contains only 1 type of atom

Question 13

definition of an atom

Answer 13

it is the smallest part of an element that can still be recognized as that element

Question 14

true or false: the physical and chemical properties of a compound are the same as those of the elements from which it is formed

Answer 14

false

Question 15

definition of a compound

Answer 15

it is a pure substance formed when two or more elements combine chemically.

Question 16

definition of chemical property

Answer 16

it dictates how something reacts in a chemical reaction

Question 17

definition of physical properties

Answer 17

they are other properties of a substance like melting point, density, hardness, electrical conductivity, etc.

Question 18

when elements combine to form compounds they do it in —- depending on the number of atoms required

Answer 18

fixed ratios

Question 19

what is conserved in all chemical reactions?

Answer 19

mass

Question 20

definition of chemical reaction

Answer 20

it involves atoms joining together in different ways and electrons redistributing themselves between atoms

Question 21

what is NOT possible for the reaction to involves atoms or electrons being?

Answer 21

created or destroyed

Question 22

what are the three main rules to balance a chemical equation?

Answer 22

1) the same number and type of atoms on both sides
2) the same number of atoms before and after the reaction
3) only coefficients may be added to balance the equation

Question 23

what does (aq) mean?

Answer 23

aqueous, dissolved in water

Question 24

definition of mixture

Answer 24

it contains two or more substances mixed together

Question 25

true or false: solutions are mixtures

Answer 25

true

Question 26

the components of a mixture (4):

Answer 26

1) can be elements or compounds 2) are not chemically bonded which means they retain their individual properties 3) can be mixed together in any proportion 4) can be separated from each other by physical means

Question 27

definition of homogeneous mixture

Answer 27

a mixture that has the same uniform composition throughout the mixture and consists of only one phase

Question 28

example of homogeneous mixture

Answer 28

clean air

Question 29

definition of a heterogeneous mixture

Answer 29

a mixture that does not have a uniform composition and consists of separate phases. they can be separated by mechanical means.

Question 30

example of a heterogeneous mixture

Answer 30

sand in a beaker of water