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Simmons NURP 503 Exam 4 > 11: Immune System > Flashcards

11: Immune System Flashcards

1
Q

IgM, IgG, IgA, IgE, or IgD?

Protective. Lines GI, respiratory, and genital tracts.

A

IgA

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2
Q

B cells or T cells?

IgA

A

B cells

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3
Q

_____ tissue continues to grow until school age.

A

Lymph

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4
Q

What is the NP role in managing infection?

A

Primary prevention. Prevent it in the first place. Identify and respond to infection. Comanage chronic infection with a specialist. Otherwise, send to ID specialist.

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5
Q

When do natural killer cells become involved, primary or secondary immune response?

A

Secondary. Memory B cell encounters antigen. Plasma cells form. IgG, IgA, and IgE are made. Natural killer cells respond.

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6
Q

B cells or T cells?

IgG

A

B cells

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7
Q

IgM, IgG, IgA, IgE, or IgD?

Present in internal and external body fluids.

A

IgE

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8
Q

When are stem cells seeded in the long bones?

A

10 weeks

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9
Q

B cells or T cells?

IgM

A

B cells

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10
Q

Due to lack of IgM, neonates are highly susceptible to _____ organisms.

A

Gram-negative organisms

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11
Q

IgM, IgG, IgA, IgE, or IgD?

Initially high from maternal sources, but taper by 6-8 months. Baby’s production begins at this time.

A

IgG

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12
Q

IgM, IgG, IgA, IgE, or IgD?

Body’s first response to an infection.

A

IgM

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13
Q

B cells or T cells?

IgD

A

B cells

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14
Q

When are stem cells seeded in the liver?

A

5 weeks

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15
Q

IgM, IgG, IgA, IgE, or IgD?

Reaches adult levels by age 7-8.

A

IgG

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16
Q

IgM, IgG, IgA, IgE, or IgD?

Mimics IgA.

A

IgE

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17
Q

By adolescence, _____ starts to wane in size.

A

Thymus

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18
Q

Is the primary or secondary immune response more rapid?

A

Secondary

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19
Q

IgM, IgG, IgA, IgE, or IgD?

Along with eosinophils, responds to allergy and parasitic infections.

A

IgE

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20
Q

B cells or T cells?

IgE

A

B cells

21
Q

B cells or T cells?

From bone.

A

B cells

22
Q

By middle age, thymus is at _____% of its initial size.

A

15%

23
Q

IgM, IgG, IgA, IgE, or IgD?

Present in all internal body fluids.

A

IgG

24
Q

When is the lowest total Ig level?

A

3-4 months old

25
Q

Innate or acquired immunity?

Natural immunity.

A

Innate

26
Q

_____ cells become memory cells. In future, can mount specific IgG, IgA, or IgE response.

A

B cells

27
Q

IgM, IgG, IgA, IgE, or IgD?

Can’t cross the placenta and is low in newborns?

A

IgM

28
Q

When are stem cells seeded in the appendix?

A

11-12 weeks

29
Q

IgM, IgG, IgA, IgE, or IgD?

Production begins around week 2/13 days and reaches adult levels at age 6-7.

A

IgA

30
Q

IgM, IgG, IgA, IgE, or IgD?

Unclear significance.

A

IgD

31
Q

IgM, IgG, IgA, IgE, or IgD?

Remains after an infection has resolved.

A

IgG

32
Q

T/F Younger people are more prone to autoimmune diseases.

A

False. Older people are b/c their immune system decreases, leading to infections being able to develop more easily.

33
Q

_____ function (not absolute value) declines after middle age.

A

T cell

34
Q

When are stem cells seeded in the thymus?

A

8 weeks

35
Q

When are stem cells seeded in the spleen?

A

8 weeks

36
Q

Innate or acquired immunity?

Phagocytic cells respond.

A

Innate

37
Q

When does hematopoiesis begin in the fetal liver?

A

6 weeks

38
Q

When are adult levels of IgM reached?

A

1 year old

39
Q

IgM, IgG, IgA, IgE, or IgD?

Some is received via breastmilk.

A

IgA

40
Q

How do T cells differ in neonates?

A

T cells are present in high numbers and normal newborns can develop antigen-specific T-cell response.

41
Q

T/F Neonates have impaired phagocytosis.

A

True. It’s possible to have severe immunodeficiency without it being recognized.

42
Q

When are stem cells seeded in the lymph nodes?

A

11-12 weeks

43
Q

T/F Deficiencies in IG subclasses may exist even when total IG levels are normal.

A

True. Happens specifically with IgG and IgA.

44
Q

When is IgM made?

A

During the primary immune response. Antigen is carried to the lymph node. Virgin B cells respond. If affinity for antigen is sufficient, B cell develops into antibody-producing plasma cell. At this point, IgM is made. CD40 glycoprotein acts with CD154 on T cells to proliferate B cells and synthesize IgM.

45
Q

T/F Newborns cannot make specific antibodies until 3-4 months old, which is why breastfeeding is so important.

A

False. They can make specific antibodies at birth.

46
Q

B cells or T cells?

From the thymus.

A

T cells

47
Q

T/F Ratio of CD4 to CD8 cells differs in neonates compared to adults.

A

True

48
Q

When are stem cells seeded in the clavicles?

A

8 weeks

49
Q

Why do newborns require conjugated vaccines?

A

Newborns cannot mount an immune response to polysaccharide antigens until after 2 years of age. So polysaccharide vaccines are ineffective.

Simmons NURP 503 Exam 4 (17 decks)

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