11 - Guest Lecture Flashcards
1
Q
What are Modifiers and name examples?
A
- One word changed by another
- Very sunny (several times sunny)
- Big plane (Jumbo)
- Not sunny (Cloudy)
2
Q
What is a Homonym and name examples?
A
- One word with different meanings
- Set of dishes, Set of wind, movie set, tv set, tennis set
3
Q
What is a Synonym and name examples?
A
- Different word with same meanings
- Animal, Creature, Beast, Pet
4
Q
What is an Antonym and name examples?
A
- Words with opposite meanings
- Day and Night, In and out, Big and small
5
Q
What is an Auto Antonym and name examples?
A
- One word with two opposite meanings
- Running fast and stuck fast
- He left the house and he left his key
6
Q
What is an Idiom and name examples?
A
- Sequence of words that have meaning that is not derived from
- A piece of cake
- Spill the beans
7
Q
What is meaning and semiotics?
A
- Semiotics (also calles semiotic studies) is the study of sign processes (Semiosis) and meaning making
8
Q
What is the Semiotic Triangle?
A
- Symbol means Meaning
- Meaning determine Denotation
- Symbol denotes Denotation
9
Q
What are the levels of meaning?
A
- Phrase (context-free meaning)
- Utterance (meaning in context)
- Communication (intentional meaning)
- Example: This red apple is very delicious. Receiver creates a picture in the inner mind
10
Q
What is Phrase (context-free meaning)?
A
- Could be uses in different situations - ambiguous meaning
- Types: All shades of red, all grades of delicious, all grades of ripeness
11
Q
What is Utterance (meaning in context)?
A
- Specific (potentially subjective) - Less ambiguous meaning
- Entities: Specific red apple, subjective red, subjective delicious, specific ripeness
12
Q
What is Communication (intentional meaning)?
A
- Used in a specific situation
- This red apple is very delicious. You should also try one, too!
13
Q
What is important about context?
A
- Different “strength” of meaning in different contexts
- Cold - Noth pole and Maldives
- Big - Elephant and Bacteria
14
Q
What is Qualia?
A
- Different Meanings to different people
- Subjective association of words to physical properties - subjective color perception
- Black blue or gold white dress
15
Q
What senses have Qualia?
A
- All senses have Qualia
- Sight (vision)
- Hearing (audition)
- Taste (gestation)
- Smell (olfaction)
- Touch (tactition)
16
Q
How to distinguish between synonyms?
A
- “The mighty ruler puts the wooden ruler on the table”
- Synonyms can usually only be used in certain contexts
- Words have paradigmatic relation if they appear in similar contexts
17
Q
How does automatic tagging of articles work?
A
- Determine keywords
- IQE these keywords
- Query against existing tag-database
18
Q
How does show related articles work?
A
- Determine keywords
- IQE these keywords
- Query with AND/Confidence for keywords and OR for Synonyms against other documents
19
Q
What are Associations?
A
Associations are mental connections between words
20
Q
How to Topic Detection in Text?
A
- Compute Association Strength of words
- Build word cluster based on “Associate Strength” and “Associative Gravity”
- Segment text
