1.1 Gods Flashcards
What is Polytheism?
The worship of many gods.
What is Monotheism?
The worship of one god.
What is the Pantheon?
The collective term for the gods.
What is anthropomorphic?
Where the gods were like humans.
What is iconography?
The symbols that represented them.
What is Religio?
The Roman term for religion meaning ‘correct worship for state gods’
What is Hiera?
The Greek term for religion meaning ‘holy affairs’
What is an Epithet?
A word or phrase to describe a god’s quality or skill.
Where did the Greek gods MOSTLY live?
The clouds above Mount Olympus.
Who married Uranus?
Gaia
How was Aphrodite born?
She was born from the sea
Who was the son of Uranus?
Cronos
What is another name for Uranus?
Ouranos
Who did Cronos marry?
Rhea
Who are the children of Hera and Zeus?
Ares and Hephaisos
Who doesn’t live on Mount Olympus?
Hades - Underworld
Who out of the Pantheon is not an Olympian?
Hades - doesn’t live on Mount Olympus.
Hephaestus - Born a Human.
What was Zeus’ Roman name?
Jupiter
What was Zeus the god of?
King of gods,
Justice
Sky
Heavens.
What was Poseidon’s Roman name?
Neptune
What was Hades’ Roman name?
Pluto
What was Hera’s Roman name?
Juno
What was Athene’s Roman name?
Minerva
What was Demeter’s Roman name?
Ceres
What was Hestia’s Roman name?
Vesta
What was Hephaestus’s Roman name?
Vulcan
What was Poseidon the god of?
Sea
Horses
Earthquakes
What was Hades the god of?
Underworld
Death
What was Hera the god of?
Queen of Gods
Childbirth
Marriage
What was Athena the god of?
Wisdom
War
Battle Strategy.
What was Demeter the god of?
Harvest
Agriculture
What was Hestia the god of?
Home
Hearth
What was Hephaestus the god of?
MetalWork
Fire
Craftsmenship
What was Zeus’ Iconography? (name three)
Beard Lightning Bolt Eagle Throne Sceptre
What was Hera’s Iconography?
Diadem
What was Poseidon’s Iconography?
Beard
Trident
What was Hades’ Iconography?
Cornucopia
Persephone (wife)
What was Athene’s Iconography? (name 3)
Owl Helmet Spear Aegis Breastplate Sheild
What was Demeter’s Iconography?
Diadem
Bundle of wheat/grain or flowers.
What was Hestia’s Iconography?
Veiled head
What was Hephaestus’ Iconography?
Hammer
Who was Poseidon’s son?
Polyphemus the Cyclops
Hades was a chthonic deity what does this mean?
Gods of death/underworld
Who was Athena daughter of?
Metis and Zeus (born fully grown out of his head)
Who was Athena’s best friend?
Nike
Who was most favoured by Greek’s and why?
Demeter because plebeians relied on her for grain and bread.
Why is the sacrifice to Hestia important?
It’s the first one of the day, and is done in private at home.
What is special about Hephaestus?
He walked with a limp because Zeus threw him off Olympus
Advantages of a religion with many gods? /3
More opinions
Embracing in specific powers
Prayers are more effective praying to a single idea
Disadvantages of a religion with many gods? /3
Each god has it’s own flaws
More money required for more statues, temples etc
Hard not to offend one god by pleasing another.
Advantages of anthropomorphic gods? /3
Relatable
Easier for people to write about and understand
Helps explain phenomenons easier
Disadvantages of anthropomorphic gods? /3
Offence in communication Not as powerful because they are relatable Creates idea that anyone can be a god They'll fight and argue The'll be more vulnerable
Why are gods necessary in greek and roman life? /3
Explain natural disasters + phenomenons
Creates unity between the people
Makes them feel stronger.
Before Rome was founded who inhabited Italy?
Lots of Tribes
Which Tribe ultimately took control?
Etruscans
What aspects of Etruscan design to Romans adopt?
Temple design and divination
Who else influenced the Romans?
Greeks and Hellenes
What is Capitoline Hill?
It was the political and ceremonial heart of the city.
Which popular Roman myths feature Pluto? /2
Orpheus + Eurydice in Ovid’s Metamorphoses
Abduction of Persephone
How was religion to Vesta different to the rest of the Pantheon?
She has her own priesthood and temple complex.
Explain the history of the temple on Aventine Hill?
Made for Diana by the sixth king of Rome Tullius
Why did the cult of Diana gain a large following by plebeians?
Because plebeians because Tulles himself was a slave (plebeian) and he dedicated the temple to her.
Who was the founder of Athens?
Cecrops
Why is Mars more important than Ares?
Because Romans loved war and Greek’s didn’t
What was Apollo the god of? /5
Music Arts Prophecy Education Archery
What was weird about the birth of Dionysus?
Mortal Mother
What were Maenads and Satyrs?
Maenads - female followers of Dionysus
Satyrs - male followers of Dionysus
What is a Caduceus?
Snake eyed spear/staff
Why is Dionysus not an Olympian?
Demi-god
What was Aphrodite’s Roman name?
Venus
What was Artemis’ Roman name?
Diana
What was Apollo’s Roman name?
Apollo
What was Hermes’ Roman name?
Mecury
What was Ares’ Roman name?
Mars
What was Dionysus’ Roman name?
Bacchus
What was Aphrodite the god of?
Love
Beauty
What was Artemis the god of? (name three)
Hunting
Wildlife
Childbirth
Moon
What was Hermes the god of?
Travel
Trade
Messenger
What was Ares the god of?
War
What was Dionysus the god of?
Wine
Parties
Theatre
What was Aphrodite’s iconography?
Rising from sea shell
Naked
What was Artemis’ iconography?
Bow + Arrows
Wild Animals
What was Apollo’s iconography?
Bow + Arrow
Lyre
Eternal Youth
What was Hermes’ iconography?
Traveller’s Cap
Winged Sandals
Caduceus
What was Ares’ iconography?
Armour
Weapons
What was Dionysus’ iconography? (name three)
Thyrus Wines Animal Skin Maenads + Satyrs
Where is Apollo’s cult?
In Delos
Who is Artemis’ twin brother?
Apollo
Who were the gods that could travel to the underworld freely?
Dionysus
Hermes
Who was opposite to Athena?
Ares - Raw violence
Who was Dionysus’ mother?
Semele from Theban
