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SOCIAL SCIENCE 3 > 1.1 Factors That Led To War > Flashcards

1.1 Factors That Led To War Flashcards

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1
Q

How was Europe in the 20th century?

A
  • in a state of prosperity, progressive economy and immense development in science and technology
  • had more opportunities to improve living standards through education
  • more health-conscious outlook and lifestyle
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2
Q

What are the factors that led to war?

A

M.A.N.I.A.

  • Militarism
  • Alliances
  • Nationalism
  • Imperialism
  • Assassination
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3
Q

define Militarism

A
  • a policy for glorifying military power
  • promotes build-up of military power
  • keeping a standing army ready for war
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4
Q

how does militarism cause war?

A
  • when one country builds up its military strength, so does another country
  • military officials methodically created defense plans to attack during war
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5
Q

define alliances

A

an agreement between two or more states for mutual benefit

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6
Q

how did alliances cause war?

A

the division of Europe into two alliance systems

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7
Q

define nationalism

A
  • feeling of devotion and pride in one’s country

belief that people should be loyal mainly to their own nation

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8
Q

what was the cause of rivalry between European nations?

A

competition for materials, markets, territorial disputes, etc.

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9
Q

define imperialism

A

when a strong nation seeks to politically, economically and socially dominate other countries

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10
Q

how did imperialism cause war?

A
  • European countries fought for colonies in Asia and Africa
  • they needed colonies as sources of raw materials and markets
  • other countries felt the need to expand their territories
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11
Q

whose assassination caused the war?

A

the assassination of Archduke Fraz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie on June 29 1914

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12
Q

Who is Gavrilo Princip?

A
  • serbian nationalist
  • assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand
  • 19-year-old member of the Black Hand Movement
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13
Q

who was the heir to the Astro-Hungarian throne?

A

Archduke Franz Ferdinand

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14
Q

What was the Black Hand Movement?

A

a secret organization that aimed to get rid Bosnia of Austrian rule

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15
Q

why was the archduke and his wife assassinated?

A

Serbians hopes that is would lead to a revolution

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16
Q

June 28 1914

A

Archduke and his wife were assassinated in Sarajevo

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17
Q

July 23 1914

A

Austria sent Serbia an ultimatum of many demands they needed to accept lest Austria will declare war

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18
Q

July 28 1914

A

Austria declared war on Serbia

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19
Q

July 30 1914

A

Russia ordered full mobilization of its forces

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20
Q

August 1 1914

A

German declared war of Franca- Russia’s ally

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21
Q

August 3 1914

A

Germany invades Belgium

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22
Q

August 4 1914

A

Britain joined the war

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23
Q

Why did Germany invade Belgium?

A

Belgium refused permission to march through Belgian lands to attack France

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24
Q

Why did Britain join the war?

A
  • fulfillment of its vow to guarantee Belgian neutrality

- as an ally of Franca and Russia

25
Q

August 6 1914

A

Austria declares war on Russia

26
Q

Why was Europe divided into opposing camps?

A

relations of nations were marred by conflicting goals and involved nations

27
Q

Who were part of The Allies

A

September 5 1914

  • Great Britain
  • France
  • Russia

April 26 1915
- Italy

April 6 1917
- United States

28
Q

who were part of the Central Powers?

A

1914

  • Germany
  • Asia-Hungary

October 29 1914
- Ottoman Empire

October 14 1915
- Bulgaria

29
Q

which are the two fronts where major battles of WWI was fought?

A

Western Front and Eastern Front

30
Q

Where is the Western Front located?

A

region in Northern France

31
Q

What was the Schlieffen Plan?

A

for Germany to attack and defeat Franca in the west then rush to the east to battle out with Russia

32
Q

Who devised the Schlieffen plan?

A

germany

33
Q

Why did the Schlieffen plan fail?

A

because Russia moved quicker than expected

34
Q

Where was the Eastern front located?

A

battlefield along the German and Russian border

35
Q

Who were the Russians and Serbians fighting in the Eastern front?

A

Germans and Astro-Hungarians

36
Q

At the start, Austrians won against Russia, and continued to until the end of 1914

A
37
Q

What weakened Russia?

A
  • huge losses in Russian army

- domestic Army

38
Q

When did Russia sign a treaty with Germany?

A

March 1918

39
Q

Why did Germany emerge victorious in Eastern Europe?

A

they signed a treaty with Russia

40
Q

What is Trench Warfare?

A

opposing armed forces attack, counterattack and defend from trenches dug into the ground

41
Q

how was the Western front marked?

A

by a vast network of trenches dug on the ground

42
Q

What is the “no man’s land”?

A

portion of land between two trench systems

43
Q

why did no one cross the no man’s land?

A

in fear of being shot

44
Q

Italy was in the side of The Allies, but then entered a secret agreement with _____

A

France and Britain

45
Q

1917 at fall

A

German and Austrian forces broke through the Italian lines at Caporetto

46
Q

What were the casualties in 1917 fall?

A
  • 275, 000 prisoners were taken

- forced the retreat of the Italian army

47
Q

How did Japan, a British ally, influence WWI?

A

took over German sphere of influences on the Shantung Peninsula in China and other islands in the Pacific

48
Q

How did the Ottoman Empire prevented Allied aid from reaching Russian ports?

A

by planting mines in the Dardanelles

49
Q

How was Constantinople reached and Dardanelles controlled?

A

troops from Britain, France, New Zealand and Australia landed in Gallipoli at 1915

50
Q

How did Africa influence the WWI?

A

British and French troops took control of the German colonies of Togoland and Cameron

51
Q

What did President Woodrow WIlso

A
51
Q

What did President Woodrow Wilson announce at 1914?

A

a policy of neutrality for the US

52
Q

Why did Americans find it hard to maintain the neutrality?

A
  • they sympathize with democratic countries France and Britain
  • They fear the reign of authoritarian governments- Germany and Austria
  • A German U-boat sank the British ship in Lusitania
53
Q

How many Americans were lost in the sunk British ship?

A

a hundred

54
Q

who is Arthur Zimmermann in January 1917?

A

German foreign secretary

55
Q

What did Zimmermann send?

A

a secret telegram code that was trying to make an alliance with Mexico

56
Q

What did Zimmermann’s telegram say?

A
  • the Germans emerged victorious

- Texas and parts of Southwest America will be returned to Mexico

57
Q

Americans got angry because British decoded Zimmermann’s message. True or False

A

True

SOCIAL SCIENCE 3 (2 decks)

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