1.1 Explain the principles of operating theatre design, Flashcards
Clean and dirty areas, their usage encompassing sterile and aseptic operation areas, the importance of no through traffic and theatre clothing
What are clean areas?
These areas are meant to minimise bacterial contamination and require clean surgical scrubs, surgical cap, a mask and surgical shoes
What are Dirty areas?
These areas are for nonsurgical treatments and where street clothes are allowed
Why is limiting traffic in the operating theatre important?
It helps maintain a sterile environment and reduces the risk of surgical site infections.
What should personnel wear when in the operating theatre?
-Two piece scrub suit (scrubs)
- Theatre footwear
- Theatre Cap
- Masks
Why is wearing specific theatre clothing important?
It reduces the risk of infection
They act as a barrier to protect patients from microorganisms on the skin and hair of staff and vice versa
What should take place in a preparation “prep” area?
- Clipping
- Initial skin preparations
- Removal of dirt and debris
- Induction of anaesthesia and sedation
- Minor procedures
Where should a prep area be located?
It should lead directly into the theatre room
What is a recovery room?
A room where the patient can recover following surgery
Where should the recovery room be located?
Situated near the theatre room
It should be quiet and warm and should contain essential equipment to deal with any postoperative emergencies
What type of lighting should be used in the operating theatre?
- Natural daylight when appropriate
- Lightening should be concealed within the ceiling
- additional side lights on the wall
- Overhead theatre light
Why is heating an important consideration?
Anaesthetised patients cannot control their own body temperature
What temperature should threat be maintained at
15-20 degrees
Why should fan heaters be avoided?
They cause air and dust movement
Wall mounted radiators
- Widely available
- They are difficult to clean and will easily trap and harbour dust and dirt behind them
- To avoid this, they should be part of the cleaning protocol/routine
A disadvantage to panel heating within the walls?
They are expensive
Positive ventilation systems should provide _ air changes per hour
20
We can get supplementary heating from?
- Lamps
- Lights
- Halogen heaters
What colour should theatre lights be?
Neutral white light
What is Active scavenging?
- Technique used to remove waste gases
- Most reliable
- It uses an extractor fan to create negative air pressure in the room
- Should be used in combination with a pressure break
What is passive scavenging?
Relies on gases moving either into a system containing activated charcoal or into a tube going into the environment
What circuits can be used for intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV)?
- T-piece
- Circle
- Bain
What is the ideal humidity control in theatre?
50-60%
What is Positive pressure ventilation?
Introducing sterile air into theatre and then actively removes the air to remain sterile
What are the requirements for windows in theatre?
- Must be frosted
- Must not allow public viewing
Should theatre contain an air conditioning system?
Yes
