1.1 Energy Transfer Flashcards
What are the 3 ways of transferring heat energy?
- Radiation
- Conduction
- Convection
What happens to hot objects, in terms of radiation?
They emit more radiation causing it to cool down
What happens to cool objects, in terms of radiation?
They absorb more radiation causing it to heat up
What surface is the best absorber/emitter of radiation?
Dark, matt surfaces
What surface is the worst absorber/emitter of radiation?
Light, shiny surfaces
The rate of heat energy transfer is faster if… (3)
- The surface area is greater
- The object’s material is a good conductor
- The surface of which the object is in touch with is a good conductor
Which state of matter has the strongest forces of attraction between the particles?
Solids
Which state of matter has the most kinetic energy in each particle?
Gases
Which state(s) of matter does conduction occur in?
Mainly solids
Define conduction
The process where vibrating particles pass their extra kinetic energy to neighbouring particles
Why are metals good conductors of heat?
They have free electrons which can travel at high speeds all the way through the solid instead of just colliding with the adjacent particles
Give some examples of conduction (1)
A metal handle of a pan
Define convection
Convection occurs when the more energetic particles move from the hotter region to the cooler region taking heat energy with them
Which state(s) of matter does convection occur in?
Liquids and gases
What happens to water when it gains energy?
- Expands
- Becomes less dense
- Rises
