11. Electricity in Transportation Markets

Question 1

EV

Answer 1

Electric Vehicle- An umbrella term for all forms of vehicles that use electricity in some form as an energy source. (trains, cars, busses, etc.)

Question 2

BEV

Answer 2

Battery Electric Vehicle- one of the Plug-in EV types. Does not have a ICE. Must be recharged to operate after battery has be depleted.

Question 3

PHEV

Answer 3

Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle- Vehicles that contain both battery storage and an ICE. The combination can either be used in tandem or rely on the ICE only when the battery is depleted.

Question 4

Range-Assisted Vehicle

Answer 4

A subdivision of PHEV. A vehicle that uses its ICE to lengthen the range that a car can travel. These cars only use ICE when the battery is depleted.

Question 5

Range Anxiety

Answer 5

The fear that a vehicle has insufficient range to reach its destination and would thus strand the occupants. Considered a major barrier to the adoption of large scale EV.

Question 6

Regenerative Braking

Answer 6

Using the energy created by braking to recharge the battery of an EV

Question 7

Level 2 Charger

Answer 7

240 volt AC Charging. These are located in charging stations not usually in homes (home outlet=120v)

Question 8

Excess Demand Hypothesis

Answer 8

The demand greatly exceeds the production capability. Therefore the growth of deployment is equal to the rate at which production capacity expands.

Question 9

Cycle Cost

Answer 9

The cost per cycle of a battery (full->empty). This equals: (((upfront cost) - (price of scrap))/(total cycles)) + (electricity cost per charge) : Not sure if electricity cost per charge is included in cycle cost.

Question 10

Substitutability

Answer 10

How one vehicle is fungible with other vehicles. This includes size (EVs are not SUVs), trip length (charging stations are less widespread than gas stations), and cost (EV has a more expensive upfront cost). Other factors apply as well

Question 11

Behavioral Issues

Answer 11

Major market constraint for EV. How people interact with their vehicle which makes it difficult for EVs to enter the market place. How people use their cars. What people want out of their car. Driving practices etc.

Question 12

Frequency Regulation

Answer 12

Regulating grid frequency either by using cars as storage devices or using charging as a way to distribute energy usage.