1.1 Different types of crimes

Question 1

What is the definition of a hate crime ?

Answer 1

Any crime which is perceived by the victim or any person as being motivated by prejudice, or hate based on a persons: Race, religions beliefs, sexual orientations, disability and gender.

Question 2

Who is the victim of hate crime ?

Answer 2

Anyone who falls under the 5 strands usually BAME individuals , religious beliefs, sexual orientation, disability or transgender individuals.

Question 3

Who is the offender of hate crime ?

Answer 3

Anyone who holds a prejudiced view against someone failing under the 5 strands and tends to be someone with traditional views different from those of the individual.

Question 4

What is the level of public awareness for hate crime?

Answer 4

It is high
Due to the media, for example the crown protection service ordered a crackdown on social media hate crime in august 2017.

Question 5

Is hate crime deviant or criminal ?

Answer 5

it is both as it goes against social norms to victimise someone regarding their identity and it is illegal.

Question 6

What is the case study of Hate crime ?

Answer 6

Matthew Shepard was beaten in the head and face 21 times due to him being gay, he died on the 12th of October 1998, this is prejudice due to his sexual orientation. This is a clear example of hate crime.

Question 7

What is the definition of state crime?

Answer 7

Activity perpetrated by or by order of sate agencies such as government’s that commit crimes in order to further their polices. An example of this is genocide, war crimes, torture, imprisonment without trial.

Question 8

Who is the victim of state crime ?

Answer 8

Citizens of the country or those of a different religion or political view than the governemnt, usually innocent.

Question 9

Who is the offender of state crimes?

Answer 9

Usually high ranking officials under the orders of the country’s regime, for example Nazi Germany during the holocaust over 6 million jews were killed.

Question 10

What is the level of public awareness for state crimes?

Answer 10

They were previously low but now investigative journalism has increased because the crimes are so extreme, There is more media coverage on smartphones which have new apps and social media increasing awareness.

Question 11

Is state crime deviant or criminal ?

Answer 11

Both as it goes against the norms and values in society and it is illegal.

Question 12

What is the case study of state crime?

Answer 12

Rwanda Genocide
Told the Hutus to overthrow the tuttis. A group of Tutsis formed a rebel group which was the Rwandan patriotic front. Neighbours killed Neighbours and Hutus husband killed Tutti wives. The Rwandan president was killed and there was a constant threat.

Question 13

What is the definition of a moral crime ?

Answer 13

A crime that goes against the normal standards of morality within society. Such as Prostitution, vagrancy, under age drinking, assisted suicide, illegal gambling.

Question 14

Who is the victim of a moral crime ?

Answer 14

The same person as the offender for example illegal drug use, homelessness and vagrancy.

Question 15

Who is the offender of a moral crime ?

Answer 15

Someone vulnerable personally or financially the same person as the victim.

Question 16

What is the level of public awareness for moral crimes ?

Answer 16

Low because many of the offenders are hidden from the offenders families.

Question 17

Is moral crime deviant or criminal ?

Answer 17

Some moral crimes are just seen as criminal such as vagrancy because some people feel bad for homeless people and therefore don’t look down on them. However, crimes such as prostitution some people see it as deviant and criminal as it goes against the norms of society and the law.

Question 18

What is the case study for Moral crimes?

Answer 18

Diane pretty was a 17 year old girl, who was diagnosed with motor neuron disease, and she wanted to get her husband to assist her suicide, but her request got denied by the house of lords. Diane pretty didn’t commit the moral crime but if she did let her husband help her with the moral crime she would had committed a crime.

Question 19

What is the definition of a Honour crime ?

Answer 19

They are punishments on people, usually women, for acts deemed to have brought shame on their family. some examples of this are attacks which include acid attacks, abductions, mutilation, beating and in some cases murder.

Question 20

Who is the victim of honour crimes ?

Answer 20

Usually young girls within the family. Typically a daughter from the Asian community.

Question 21

Who is the offender of honour crimes ?

Answer 21

Male members of the family, usually a father, brother or uncle of the victim. These individuals usually come from Asian communities.

Question 22

What is the level of public awareness for honour crimes ?

Answer 22

It has increased by more than 60% in two years, so overtime honour crimes still remain quite low but more people are understanding the crime

Question 23

Is Honour crimes deviant or criminal?

Answer 23

Both, as it goes against the norms of society and also it is against the law to commit honour crimes.

Question 24

What is the case study of honour crimes ?

Answer 24

Shafiela Ahmed
She was a 17 year old girl who was brought up in an Asian community. She was murdered by her parents because they thought she was to westernised. She was strangled around the next with a plastic bag and thrown into a nearby river. This is an example of an honour crimes.

Question 25

What is the definition of domestic violence?

Answer 25

It is any act targeted to be abuse against a partner or family member that happens within the home, often in secret. The abuse can be physical, psychological, verbal and coercion.

Question 26

Who is the victim of domestic violence?

Answer 26

Typically overwhelmingly women, wives, girlfriends or any female involved in an intimate relationship.

Question 27

Who is the offender of domestic violence ?

Answer 27

Typically overwhelming boyfriends or husbands, the offender typically keeps their crimes hidden and takes steps to ensure they are not reported and that their victims do not speak out.

Question 28

What is the level of public awareness for domestic violence ?

Answer 28

It is low because the public prefers to turn a blind eye and the victims are in fear of reporting they are a victims of domestic violence.

Question 29

IS domestic violence deviant or criminal?

Answer 29

It is seen as both as it goes against the norms of society but also it is illegal to commit domestic violence against another person.

Question 30

What is the case study of domestic violence?

Answer 30

Clare's Law Clare's ex-boyfriend murdered and burnt her. Due to her death Clare's law was introduced in 2014 which enabled people to request history on their partner and the police had too respond within 35 days.

Question 31

What is the definition of a white collar crime?

Answer 31

White collar crimes were non violent crimes committed in commercial situation for financial gain. Some examples of white collar crimes are fraud, tax evasion, embezzlement.(Ponzi schemes).

Question 32

Who is the victim of domestic violence?

Answer 32

Individuals who use white collar services such as banks. People who have funds to invest in a financial scheme such as recently retired workers.

Question 33

Who is the offender of domestic violence?

Answer 33

Usually a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation, trusted by the victim. They are usually white, middle class, males who work in commercial employment such as acoumetry or law. They wear a shirt and tie.

Question 34

What is the level of public awareness of domestic violence ?

Answer 34

Low because people don't realise they're being a victim, due to them still getting some money.

Question 35

Is domestic violence deviant or criminal ?

Answer 35

Both as it goes against the norms of society but it is also illegal.

Question 36

What is the case study of domestic violence?

Answer 36

Wendly Gil 10th September 2024 a business manger at a primary school stole 70,000 which was meant to be used on the school she took it for herself. She was sent to prison and pleased guilty to fraud over 6 years.

Question 37

What is the definition of a technological crime?

Answer 37

Also known as cybercrime, technological crime is where the offences is committed using the internet or other technologies. Some examples of this are internet enabled fraud, downloading illegal material such as songs and images, the use of social media to promote hate crimes and sextortion sexual exploitation.

Question 38

Who is the victim of technological crimes?

Answer 38

Anyone who uses the internet (anyone less internet savvy such as the elderly).

Question 39

Who is the offender of a technological crime?

Answer 39

Anyone who has basic knowledge and access to the internet. Due to the impact of globalisation many offender are often overseas with the technical ability to gain access to bank accounts, credit cards and personal information.

Question 40

What is the level of public awareness of technological crimes?

Answer 40

It is increasing due to technology improving and the internet becoming part of everyday life, the public are more aware of cyber- crime due to increased media coverage and education.

Question 41

Is technological crime deviant or criminal?

Answer 41

It depends on the crimes because for example, internet enabled fraud is both criminal and deviant, these acts are against the law and against the laws of society. However, downloading illegal music is criminal as it is against the law but isn't viewed as deviant.

Question 42

What is the case study of technological crimes?

Answer 42

Alex Bessel He seized remote controls of at least 9,083 computers, infected without owner's knowledge, which he used to launch 102 attacks on firms such as Pokémon, skype and Google. He created his own online business and made over £50,000 this is a clear example of technological crime.