11 defensive actions

Question 1

_____ usually present the greatest danger to first responders

Answer 1

Pressurized containers

Question 2

Attempts to contain a liquid that has spilled onto a body of water must take into consideration the materials _____ and _____.

Answer 2

Specific gravity and miscibility with water

Question 3

First responders who contain the release of a liquid hazardous material may then need to deal with a surface area capable of?

Answer 3

Producing large amounts of hazardous vapors

Question 4

Any item used to build temporary barriers to control the release of a liquid hazardous material must be?

Answer 4

Compatible with the material released

Question 5

First responders must always remember that any effort to excavate a containment area must first take what into consideration?

Answer 5

The presence of underground utilities

Question 6

Attempts to contain the release of gases and vapors with water may produce a?

Answer 6

Hazardous water runoff

Question 7

First responder should not operate below grade street valves for natural gas service unless?

Answer 7

Instructed to by the local utility company

Question 8

Protective actions used by first responders include:

Answer 8

Isolating and denying entry to affected areas,

evacuation of these areas,

and in place protection in nearby structures

Question 9

First responder should contact their local emergency management office for assistance when conducting operations that involve?

Answer 9

Evacuation or in place protection

Question 10

The best way to decontaminate any protective clothing is?

Answer 10

To avoid contamination

Question 11

First responders should always be prepared to decontaminate their protective clothing with at least?

Answer 11

gross wash prior to leaving the scene of most hazardous materials incidents

Question 12

Upon arrival at the scene of any hazardous materials incident first responder should always adhere to guidelines provided in 29 CFR 1910. 120. These guidelines state the first responders at the operations level are those who respond in a?

Answer 12

Defense of fashion without actually trying to stop the release

Question 13

Defense of actions that first responders can undertake include:

Answer 13

Preventing a release.

Containing the release of a liquid.

Containing the release of gases and vapors.

Containing the release of a solid.

Protective actions evacuation and in place protection

Question 14

First responders should keep in mind that types of stress include:

Answer 14

Thermal, mechanical, and chemical

Question 15

If the valve on a compressed gas cylinders damaged, gas or vapor may be released at a rate and volume faster than?

Answer 15

From a pressure relief device

Question 16

Some pressure release devices may not operate properly if the container is not?

Answer 16

In an upright position

Question 17

An important point that first responder should remember about pressure release devices is that they can only protect a container as long as they are?

Answer 17

The weak link in the container wall

Question 18

Pressurize containers: damages especially troublesome when it occurs at?

Answer 18

Weld lines, or places where pieces of metal are joined when building the containers

Question 19

First responder should remember that liquefied gases stored at normal atmospheric temperatures and pressures are already?

Answer 19

Boiling inside their containers

Question 20

The weakening of a container wall from flame impingement usually occurs where?

Answer 20

The flame Contacts the vapor space

Question 21

Whenever containers are exposed to fire with a decrease in container strength and increase of internal pressure, first responders must remember that the operation of the pressure relief valve is no guarantee that?

Answer 21

The container will not explode

Question 22

The sound of gas and vapor escaping from an operating pressure relief device during a fire will increase in both volume and pitch as?

Answer 22

Internal pressure continues to rise due to external heating

Question 23

The sound of gas and vapor escaping from an operating pressure relief device during a fire will increase in both volume and pitch as internal pressure continues to rise due to external heating. This change in sound should serve as a?

Answer 23

Warning to first responders that they may need to email you leave evacuate the area

Question 24

The _____ of non-pressured containers are usually the weakest locations and therefore the most dangerous

Answer 24

Ends

Question 25

Under many circumstances, there may be little first responders can do to prevent a release from a container that is already under pressure or when the internal pressure is steadily increasing. What may be the only option

Answer 25

Evacuating the area a safe distance

Question 26

If an increase of internal pressure of a container is due to external heating, cooling the container or moving the containers from the source of the heat are options that are?

Answer 26

Dangerous at best

Question 27

First responder should never assume that just because a spill is contained within a dike?

Answer 27

That there are no additional hazards present

Question 28

First responder should always remember that any temporary barrier must be large enough to?

Answer 28

Contain the amount of material released

Question 29

First responders may be able to control the flow of a liquid spill moving Downhill using a?

Answer 29

Diversion wall that directs the material to an area where it can be contained or result in less harm

Question 30

Containment areas could be a depression along the road shoulder or a large hole, sometimes referred to as a

Answer 30

Retention basin, dug by first responders for the purpose of containing the runoff

Question 31

Before using absorbent booms, first responders must remember that the material they are attempting to contain will need to have the following characteristics:

Answer 31

It cannot be miscible with water. It must float on the surface of the water.

Question 32

Absorbent boobs are generally not intended for use on large bodies of water where there may be?

Answer 32

Significant wave action or strong currents

Question 33

Most absorbent booms are manufactured and blank sections

Answer 33

10 ft.

Question 34

Under flow dams are containment devices that are best used in?

Answer 34

Narrow creeks and streams with flowing water

Question 35

When building in underflow Dam, any pipe used must be large enough to allow the water to?

Answer 35

Flow freely. Larger flows will require larger, or perhaps multiple pipes

Question 36

A first responder must remember that underflow dams are subject to erosion from the force of the moving water, and they must therefore?

Answer 36

Be monitored at all times

Question 37

_____ means that whenever possible, temporary containment barriers should be backed up with additional barriers

Answer 37

Redundancy

Question 38

The location of any containment device used in a body of water should always take into consideration the eventual?

Answer 38

Removal of the material

Question 39

In addition to containing releases of liquid materials, some releases may be rendered safe by diluting them with water. In particular, when dealing with small spills involving blank the emergency response guidebook recommends applying flooding quantities of water

Answer 39

Small spills involving some types of oxidizers

Question 40

While applying large quantities of water can dilute a spill to a safer and more stable concentration, before doing so a first responder should remember to first check with?

Answer 40

Local and state environmental officials and conduct research to determine potential outcomes

Question 41

First responders should never apply water to a spill of hazardous materials unless they are confident that doing so will?

Answer 41

Not cause their efforts to become part of the problem

Question 42

First responders may be able to identify compressed gas cylinders suspected of leaking since they may display _____ near the discharge opening

Answer 42

Frosting

Question 43

The most difficult form of a material to control is a?

Answer 43

Gas or vapor

Question 44

If the area where the ventilation controls are located is not safe to enter it may be better instead to have electric power to the building terminated from a remote site. Of course first responders must first determine in advance whether terminating electrical power will?

Answer 44

Then cause an emergency power generator to start

Question 45

Releases of natural gas or propane maybe controlled if there is an?

Answer 45

External valve that can be operated safely by first responders This valve must be remote from the source of release to avoid contamination and must clearly indicate the position of the valve

Question 46

Attempting to control a release of chlorine gas with water spray may produce a?

Answer 46

Corrosive runoff

Question 47

First responders should keep in mind that Waterspray applied to flammable gases and vapors will not always prevent ignition. Instead, air entrained in the fog stream could actually?

Answer 47

Mixed with the materials and cause some to reach their flammable range

Question 48

Releases of solid hazardous materials usually occur in the form of?

Answer 48

Powder or a granular substance

Question 49

First responder should always resist the urge to wet a spill of a powder or granular material in order to hold down the dust unless?

Answer 49

It is recommended This is especially important for first responders to remember if the material is soluble with water

Question 50

_____ are defense of tactics that can be used by first responders to minimize the exposure of people to hazardous materials

Answer 50

Protective actions

Question 51

Protective actions include:

Answer 51

Isolating and denying entry to affected areas, evacuation of these areas, and in place protection and nearby structures

Question 52

When dealing with transportation emergencies first responder should remember that each orange bordered page of the emergency response guidebook provides recommended distances for?

Answer 52

Immediate isolation of spill or leak areas under the heading public safety

Question 53

The table of initial isolation and protective action distances is intended to show areas likely to be affected During?

Answer 53

The first 30 minutes after the materials are spilled

Question 54

First responders should never rely on ____ as the only means to define an area affected by a hazardous materials release

Answer 54

Barrier tape

Question 55

Efforts to isolate affected areas and deny entry are effective defensive tactics for most hazardous materials incidents. However those incidents associated with airborne hazards usually require additional defensive tactics in order to protect the public. Two generally accepted practices used by first responders are?

Answer 55

Evacuation and in place protection

Question 56

Evacuation involves the removal of people from an area. The intent of in-place protection is that individuals remain in an affected area while inside structures with?

Answer 56

Doors and windows closed and sealed, and ventilation equipment switched off

Question 57

A first responder should always know which people to contact in his local emergency management office regarding any actions he may wish to take regarding?

Answer 57

Evacuation or in place protection

Question 58

Decontamination: the garment may be taken to a vendor for cleaning. If so the first responder must remember to provide?

Answer 58

A copy of the MSDS for the material that is the source of the contamination

Question 59

What gas is usually the most difficult form of material to control, blank will present first responders with hazards similar to a gas

Answer 59

Vapors from liquids and dust from solids