11- cycle urée Flashcards

1
Q

Réaction de transaminases = aminotransférases

A

a.a 1 —> alpha ketoacide 1
alpha-ketoacide 2 —> aa 2

enzyme: transaminase avec cofacteur PLP

mécanisme:
- enlevement/asjout grpmt amino
- recation reversible

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2
Q

Réaction glutamate dehydrogenase

A

glutamate + H2O —> alpha-KG + H+

enzyme: glutamate dehydrogenase, besoin NAD(P)+ —> NAD(P)H avec sortie NH4+

mécanisme:
- reaction reversible
- deamination oxydative: enleve grpmt amino de glutamate –> NH4+

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3
Q

Reaction glutamine synthétase

role de glutamine

A

glutamate + NH3 —-> glutamine

enzyme: glutamine synthétase, besoin ATP –> ADP + Pi

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4
Q

Réaction 1

synthèse carbamoyl-P par carbamoyl-P synthétase I (CPS I)

cycle urée

A

HCO3- + NH4+ —> carbamoyl-P

enzyme: carbamoyl-P synthetase I (CPS I), besoin 2 ATP –> 2ADP + Pi, avec sortie de 3H+

mécanisme:
- reaction irreversible
- dans maatrice mito
- fixer azote sur molécule carboné
- produit activé avec liaison à haut pot energetiq

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5
Q

reaction 2

synthése citrulline par ornithine transcarbamoylase OTC

cycle uree

A

ornithine + carbamoyl-P —> citrulline

enzyme: ornithine transcarbamoylase (OTC) avec sortie de Pi

mécanisme
- reaction irreversible
- matrice mito
- grpmt carbamoyl vers ornithine

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6
Q

reaction 3

synthese arginosuccinate par arginosuccinate synthase (ASS)

cycle uree

A

citrulline + aspartate —> arginosuccinate

enzyme: arginosuccinate synthetase, besoin ATP —> AMP + PPi

mécanisme:
- cytosol
- reactiopj irreversibe
- condensation entre grmp aminé de asparate + grmpt carbamoyl de citrulline
- hydrolyse ATP donne 2 liaisona phosphate à haut potentiel energetiq

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7
Q

reaction 4

synthese arginine par arginosuccinate lyase

cycle ureee

A

arginosuccinate —> fumarate + arginine

enzyme: arginosuccinate lyase

mecanisme:
- seule reaction reversible
- cytosol
- carbones de fumarate vient de asparatate

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