1.1 Compare Criminal Behaviour And Deviance

Question 1

Behaviour that is unusual and good

Answer 1

Such as heroically risking your own life to save someone else

Question 2

Behaviour that is unusual and eccentric

Answer 2

Such as talking to the trees in the park, or hoarding huge quantities of old newspapers

Question 3

Behaviour that is unusual and bad or disapproved of

Answer 3

Such as physically attacking someone for no reason

Question 4

Legal definition of Criminal Behaviour

Answer 4

Any action forbidden by criminal law- usually involves actus reus and men’s rea

Question 5

Social definition of Criminal Behaviour

Answer 5

This includes consideration of different views of what makes behaviour criminal, whether a law is actually enforced and whether people think certain acts should have laws made against them or not

Question 6

Custodial sentences

Answer 6

Court imposed imprisonment or detention in a young offenders institution

Question 7

Community sentences

Answer 7

Court imposed work, fines, courses, probation orders, restrictions, drug treatments and/or testing. Served outside of jail

Question 8

Police sanctions

Answer 8

Includes cautions, conditional cautions and penalty notices (fines) issued for minor offences- no court appearance

Question 9

Other possible implications of criminal convictions

Answer 9

A criminal record, and depending on the crime: exclusion from certain jobs, possible placement in ViSOR, travel restrictions, restrictions on adoption, jury service, standing for elected office, or insurance cover

Question 10

Summary offences

Answer 10

Less serious e.g. speeding. Tried by magistrates

Question 11

Indictable offences

Answer 11

More serious e.g rape/murder. Tried in crown court with jury. More severe sentences

Question 12

Violence against the person

Answer 12

Murder, manslaughter, assault

Question 13

Sexual offences

Answer 13

Rape, sex trafficking, grooming

Question 14

Offences against property

Answer 14

Burglary, theft, robbery

Question 15

Fraud and forgery

Answer 15

Frauds by company directors, benefit cheating, tax evasion

Question 16

Criminal damage

Answer 16

Arson, vandalism, graffiti

Question 17

Drug offences

Answer 17

Supplying, trafficking, or possession of illegal substance

Question 18

Public orders offences

Answer 18

Rioting and violence disorder

Question 19

E.g Norm

Answer 19

In the UK we tend to queue up in an orderly fashion

Question 20

E.g value

Answer 20

Respect for human life is a value found in almost all human societies

Question 21

E.g moral code

Answer 21

The Police code of ethics

Question 22

Norms

Answer 22

Specific rules or socially accepted standards that govern behaviour in particular situations

Question 23

Values

Answer 23

General principles or guidelines for how we should live our lives

Question 24

Moral codes

Answer 24

Set of basic rules, values and principles, held by an individual, group, organisation or society as a whole

Question 25

Formal sanction

Answer 25

Punishments for breaking formal written rules or laws. Imposed by official bodies e.g courts, schools etc.

Question 26

Informal sanction

Answer 26

Disapproval shown to a person for breaking unwritten rules, such as telling off or ignoring them

Question 27

Positive sanction

Answer 27

Rewards for behaviour society approves of e.g praise or medal

Question 28

Social control

Answer 28

Ways in which society seems to control our behaviour and ensure we conform to its norms

Question 29

Actus reus

Answer 29

Latin for ‘guilty act’

Question 30

Mens rea

Answer 30

Latin for ‘guilty mind’

Question 31

Fines

Answer 31

Financial penalties dependent on seriousness of offence and ability to pay

Question 32

Conditional discharge

Answer 32

An offender may avoid prison if they commit no offences in a given time period

Question 33

Absolute discharge

Answer 33

Defendant is guilty but court decides punishment is not appropriate

Question 34

ViSOR

Answer 34

Violent and Sex Offenders Register