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Criminology Unit 2 > 1.1 compare criminal behavior and deviance > Flashcards

1.1 compare criminal behavior and deviance Flashcards

1
Q

What are norms ?

A

specific rules or socially accepted standards that govern peoples behavior in particular situation

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2
Q

what are values ?

A

general principles or guidelines for how we should live our lives .They tell us good from bad and right from wrong

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3
Q

give a value that is found in all societies

A

respect for human life

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4
Q

what is a moral code ?

A

a set of basic rules , values and principles held by an individual , group , organisation and respect .

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5
Q

define devience

A

behavior that differs from normal and goes against social norms

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6
Q

what are the three types of deviant behavior

A

unusual and good
unusual and bad
unusual and bizarre

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7
Q

name the 4 types of sanctions

A

formal sanctions
informal sanctions
positive sanctions
social control sanctions

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8
Q

what are formal sanctions ?

A

sanctions imposed by official bodies such as police officers , courts …
punishments for brekaing the law
eg fine

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9
Q

what are informal sanctions

A

rules that are not formally written down and are unspoken , others may show disapproval in informal ways eg refusing to speak to them

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10
Q

what are positive sanctions

A

positive rewards for behavior that society approves of
eg medals for bravery

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11
Q

what are social control sanctions ?

A

all sanctions are forms of social control , this is ways that society seeks to control our behavior and ensure that we behave as others expect us to .

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12
Q

define criminal behaviour

A

a form of deviance that involves serious and harmful acts that are wrong against society

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13
Q

what is the legal definition of criminal law

A

criminal behavior in any action that is forbidden by the criminal law where actus reus and mens rea was present and can be proved

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14
Q

define strict liability

A

when an act is enough to convict someone even if mens rea isnt present
eg health and safety laws in workplaces

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15
Q

what is the social definition of criminal behavior

A

not all harmful acts are seen as criminal so it is better to view how crimes are defined socially in order to get a better understanding

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16
Q

explain law enforcement

A

not all crimes are enforced , some are low priority or complex and time consuming

17
Q

explain law making

A

not all acts that people think are crimes have laws passed against them , which actions get made illegal depends on who has the power to influence these changes in law .

18
Q

what are summary offences ?

A

less serious offences such as speeding that are tried by magistrates

19
Q

what are indictable offences ?

A

more serious offences such as murder , these are tried in crown court before a judge and jury and result in more severe sentences

20
Q

what is subject matter of the offence ?

A

crimes can be classified in terms is the act itself eg is it a crime of violence

21
Q

what are the 7 classes of crime (subject matter of the offence)

A

violence against the person
public order offences
sexual offences
criminal damage
drug offences
fraud and forgery
offences against property

22
Q

what is a custodial sentence ?

A

a court sanction
punishment for serious offences such as imprisonment or detention in a youth facility

23
Q

what are community sentences ?

A

served in the community rather than in jail this can include curfews , attendence to anger management classes or probation orders
fines and financial penalties

24
Q

community sentences (what is discharge)

A

period of time where an offender cannot commit another crime or they will go straight back to prison

25
Q

what are police sanctions

A

cautions - warning from the police etc to age 10+ for minor crimes

conditional cautions - stick to certain rules and restrictions , could be charged with crime if these conditions are broken

penalty notices for disorder - issued for minor crimes , no conviction if you pay the fine

Criminology Unit 2 (7 decks)

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