1.1 classification and biodiversity Flashcards
Name the hierarchy of biological classification
kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus
species
name the 5 kingdoms
animalia
bacteria
fungi
plantae
protista - single celled organisms
what is the grammar when writing species name
first letter of genus is capital
first letter of species is lowercase
written in italics
what 2 types of adaptations are there
morphological and behavioural
what do animals compete for
food
water
mate
what do plants compete for
light
minerals/nutrients
water
space
what is INTRAspecific competition
competition within a species
what is INTERspecific competition
competition of different species
what is the predator-prey cycle
high number of prey and high number of predator, so predator eats prey. prey is low so less food for predator so predator is low. If predator is low, prey goes up because nothing is eating them. If prey is up then predator has more food, so it goes up also.
what is a quadrat
a square frame used to obtain samples of species withing an area
what is a transect
a path on which quadrats are used to obtain samples
what is biodiversity
variety and number of different species living within an area
equation for estimating biodiversity (quadrats etc)
total number of species in habitat = total number in sample x total area m2 / total sample area m2
what is the capture-recapture method
capture animals, then tag and release them
recapture animals after a period of time and record number of tagged or untagged animals
equation for estimating population (capture-recapture)
total = original tagged x total recaptured / tagged on recapture
what is CITES
convention on international trade in endangered species - agreement to prevent trade of endangered species internationally
what is SSSI
sites of a special scientific interest - sites that are legally protected as they contain rare species/habitats
why are there natinal parks
created to protect beautiful landscapes
what are seed banks
plant seeds are stored to regrow if plant becomes extinct
what are captive breeding programs
they help to allow the survival of endangered animals
what is invasive species
a species imported from a different habitat that causes problems in its new environment
what is alien species
a species imported from a different habitat
what is biological control
a predator species is imported to resolve problem with pests
example of alien species
japanese knotweed
example of biological control
cane toad
biological control advantages
no pollution
only introduced once
if number of pests increase, so does predator
poest-specific
biological control disadvantages
not all pests killed
might become pest itself
takes long time
pesticides advantages
quick
all pests killed
pesticides disadvantages
have to reapply
expensive
bioaccumulation
may kill helpful species
