11 - Chest X-Ray Flashcards

1
Q

What is the radiation dosage of a chest x-ray?

A

0.02mSV

Second lowest dosage

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2
Q

What is the normal projection of chest x-rays?

A
  • PA unless really poorly
  • Allows us to see lung bases and heart is not enlarged as x-rays hit this last
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3
Q

What anatomy should be included in a chest-xray for it to be adequate?

A
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4
Q

How can we tell there is no rotation on towards the detector on a chest x-ray?

A

Spinous processes and the clavicles line up

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5
Q

How much lung volume should you see on an inspiration phase chest x-ray?

A
  • If don’t take full breath in may think some area is consolidation when it’s not
  • Incomplete inspiration on big heart
  • Exagerrated expansion on obstructive airways diseases
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6
Q

What should the lung bases look like on a chest x-ray?

A
  • Should be dome shaped
  • If flattened and can see 8 or 9 ribs could be emphysema or if asymmetrical flattening tension pneumothorax
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7
Q

How can you tell there has been adequate penetration on a chest x-ray?

A
  • Vertebrae just visible through the heart
  • Complete left hemidiaphragm visible
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8
Q

What are some artefacts that can appear on a chest x-ray?

A
  • Clothes
  • Hair
  • Surgical lines
  • Pace makers
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9
Q

Identify the following anatomical structures

A
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10
Q

What should you see on a chest x-ray when assessing the trachea?

A

Left hilar point should always be higher than right, if altered then pathology

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11
Q

What are the different lung zones on a chest x-ray?

A
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12
Q

What fissure can you see on a chest x ray?

A

Horizontal in the right lung running towards right hilum

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13
Q

How should we see the diaphragm on an xray?

A

Running all the way up to the vertebral bodies

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14
Q

What borders of the heart should you see on a chest x ray?

A

Atrial enlargement carina splays

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15
Q

What contours should you see at the mediastinum, e.g aortic knuckle?

A

Aortic window and LPA disappear with enlarged lymph node

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16
Q

How can you overcome seeing nipple markings on a chest x ray?

A

Stick paperclips on nipples so don’t mistake nipples for a mass

17
Q

What might be the pathology if the 1st rib is not visible on chest x ray?

A

Pancoast tumour as it erodes the first rib

18
Q

How do you systematically review a chest x-ray?

A