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Physics AS WJEC > 1.1 Basic Physics > Flashcards

1.1 Basic Physics Flashcards

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1
Q

Symbol for mass

A

m

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2
Q

Symbol for length

A

l

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3
Q

Symbol for time

A

t

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4
Q

Symbol for electric current

A

I

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5
Q

Symbol for temperature

A

T

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6
Q

Symbol for amount of substance

A

n

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7
Q

Symbol for luminous intensity

A

L

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8
Q

Unit of mass

A

kilogram (kg)

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9
Q

Unit of length

A

metre (m)

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10
Q

Unit of time

A

second (s)

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11
Q

Unit of electric current

A

ampere (A)

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12
Q

Unit of temperature

A

kelvin (K)

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13
Q

Unit of amount of a substance

A

mole (mol)

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14
Q

Unit of luminous intensity

A

candela (cd)

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15
Q

Equation for area

A

area=length*breadth

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16
Q

Unit of area

A

m^2

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17
Q

Equation for change of speed or velocity

A

change of speed=final velocity-initial velocity

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18
Q

Unit of change of speed/velocity

A

ms^-1

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19
Q

Equation for acceleration

A

acceleration=change of velocity/time a=Δv

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20
Q

Symbol for acceleration

A

a

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21
Q

Unit of acceleration

A

ms^-2

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22
Q

symbol for change of speed/velocity

A

Δv

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23
Q

Equation for Force

A

Force=mass*acceleration F=ma

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24
Q

Symbol for force

A

F

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25
Q

Unit of force

A

Newtons (N) (kgms^-2)

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26
Q

Equation for work

A

Work=Force*distance

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27
Q

Unit of work

A

Joules (J) (kgm^2s^-2)

28
Q

Equation for Power

A

Power=work/time

29
Q

Unit of power

A

Watt (W) (kgm^2s^-3)

30
Q

What are the rules for homogentity?

A
  1. Two quantities can only be added together if the have the same units, and the answer has the same units.
  2. An equation is homogeneous only if the units of the two sides are the same.
31
Q

What is a vector quantity?

A

A vector quantity has magnitude and direction, eg Force

32
Q

What is a scalar quantity?

A

A scalar quantity just has magnitude eg mass

33
Q

What is resultant force?

A

The combined effect of two or more forces is called the resultant force (Fres) [res is subscript]

34
Q

How do you calculate Resultant Force?

A

Use the cosine rule of Pythagoras’ theorum

35
Q

Symbol for Resultant Force

A

Fres [res is subscript] or ΣF

36
Q

What is displacement?

A

The distance and direction from A to B, in a straight line/ eg point A is 9cm W of point B

37
Q

Equation for velocity

A

velocity=displacement/time

38
Q

Unit for velocity

A

metres per second in a stated direction (ms^-1 at compass point)

39
Q

Equation for acceleration

A

acceleration=change of velocity/time a=Δv/Δt

40
Q

How do you add and subtract vectors?

A

Use nose-to-tail method

41
Q

What is “resolving” a force?

A

Calculating the horizontal and vertical components

42
Q

Equation for Density

A

Density=mass/volume ρ=m/V

43
Q

Symbol for density

A

ρ

44
Q

Unit of Density

A

kgm^-3 or gcm^-3

45
Q

Approximate density of air

A

1.29ρ/kgm^-3 0.00129ρ/gcm^-3

46
Q

Approximate density of water

A

1000ρ/kgm^-3 1.00ρ/gcm^-3

47
Q

Approximate density of brick

A

2300ρ/kgm^-3 2.30ρ/gcm^-3

48
Q

Approximate density of petrol

A

880ρ/kgm^-3 0.88ρ/gcm^-3

49
Q

Approximate density of steel

A

7900ρ/kgm^-3 7.90ρ/gcm^-3

50
Q

Approximate density of aluminium

A

2800ρ/kgm^-3 2.80ρ/gcm^-3

51
Q

Approximate density of mercury

A

13600ρ/kgm^-3 13.6ρ/gcm^-3

52
Q

Approximate density of gold

A

19300ρ/kgm^-3 19.3ρ/gcm^-3

53
Q

What would the width of 1 tonne of interstellar space be?

A

10^6km

54
Q

What would the width of 1 tonne of red giant star be?

A

100m

55
Q

What would the width of 1 tonne of the sun be?

A

0.89m

56
Q

What would the width of 1 tonne of a white dwarf be?

A

8.9mm

57
Q

What would the width of 1 tonne of a neutron star be?

A

15µm (micro metres)

58
Q

How do you convert cm^3 to m^3?

A

1 cm^3 = 1*10^6 m^3

59
Q

How do you convert density from kg-g?

A

1000kgm^-3 = 1.00gcm^-3

60
Q

Define torque/ the moment of a force

A

The product of a force multiplied by the perpendicular distance from the line of action to the pivot.

61
Q

Unit of moment/Torque

A

Newtons per metre (Nm)

62
Q

Symbol for torque/moment of a force

A

t

63
Q

What is the principal of moments?

A

For a body to be in equilibrium under the action of a number of forces, the resultant moment about any point is zero.

64
Q

Define equilibrium

A

A body is in equilibrium if it is moving and rotating at a constant rate. In order for this to happen:

  1. The resultant force on the object must be zero.
  2. The resultant moment around any point must be zero.
65
Q

How would you measure the density of a regular solid?

A

Calculate the volume using
Volume of a cuboid= lbh
Volume of a cylinder = Al = π r^2 l = (π r^2 l)/4

66
Q

How would you measure the density of a irregular solid?

A

Submerge the solid in a measuring cylinder of water and measure the displacement of the water.

Physics AS WJEC (15 decks)

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