1.1 Art as Propaganda and the Growth of Public Spaces Flashcards
Using information from the class and from the text, define the following terms. Be sure to include dates, places, and, where applicable formal elements of the style and typical subjects
Rococo
- aka Late Baroque
- frivolous sensuality, luxury, pleasure
- Fragonard, Boucher
Neoclassical
- begain in 1760 in opposition to baroque and rococo
- rationality, austerity, sobriety
- clarity of form, sober color, shallow space, strong horizontals
- depicts classical subject matter
Neoclassical art draws inspiration from the classical art and architecture of Ancient Greece and/or Rome. It began in Europe in 1760 in opposition to the decadence of Baroque and Rococo styles. Its rationality, austerity and sobriety echoed the spirit of the French revolution. Its artists Poussin, neoclassical master, inspired David, Ingres and Cezanne. It is characterized by clarity of form, sober colors, shallow space, and strong horizontals. It depicts classical subject matter, or classicizes contemporary subject matter.
Napoleon
A French political and military leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and related European Wars. He was installed as Emporer in 1804 and deposed in 1815 when the Monarchy was restored.
Napoleon removed David from prison in order to become his court painter.
French Revolution
Impoverished by the Seven Years War and the American Revolutionary War, the common people of France became increasingly resentful of the incomptetent King Louis XVI and the self-indulgent aristocracy. The Enlightenment shift toward science and reason led the people of France to question traditional ways of thinking, structures of power, and distribution of wealth, and ultimately the reign of Louis XVI and the aristocracy. Increasingly radical sentiments gave rise to the beginning of the French Revolution in 1789. During this period, Rococo art condemned as immoral and indecent, and a new kind of moral, instructive art was called for.
Jacques-Louis David, The Oath of the Horatii, Neoclassical, oil on canvas, 1784
David supported the rebels in the French Revolution through an art that called for rationality, self-sacrifice to the state, and austerity. His work features clarity, logic, and order, and favors line over color. He was the major inspiration for classicists David, Ingres and Cezanne.
a reproach to the rococo and the values of nobility.
Schinkel, Altes Museum, Berlin, Neoclassical, 1820s
Art museum commissioned by the King of Prussia to house the Prussian royal art collection. This arose in response to the bourgeoisie sentiment that the public should have access to art as part of its cultural education.
It was modeled on the Greek Stoa in Athens, and features many elements borrowed from Greek architecture and classical antiquity, including the columns of the Ionic order that line the front of the building.
Francisco Goya, The Third of May, 1808, Romanticism, oil on canvas, 1814
Commemorates Spanish resistance to Napoleon’s army.
Was court painter to the Spaish king.
Groundbreaking, archetypal image of horrors of war.
Diverging from the traditions of Christian art and traditional depictions of war, it has no distinct precedent, and is acknowledged as one of the first paintings of the modern era.[4] According to the art historian Kenneth Clark, The Third of May 1808 is “the first great picture which can be called revolutionary in every sense of the word, in style, in subject, and in intention”.[5]
Eugene Delacroix, Liberty Leading the People, Romanticism, oil on canvas, 1831
- emotion, color, loose brushwork
- allegorical ptg of liberty, leading people through scene of blockade in paris
- french revolution of 1830 overthrows the repressive monarchy of charles x, installs louis phillipe
- dead include opposition members and king’s forces
- bourgeoise and working people united in brotherhood
- painting bought by July monarchy, then hidden away until post rev of 1848
Describe the relationship between Neoclassicism and the French Revolution
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