1.1 Algorithms

Question 1

Unambiguous.

Answer 1

tis means that the instructions cannot be misunderstood. simply saying ‘turn’ would be ambiguous because you could turn left or right.

All instructions given to the computer should be unambiguous or it wont know what to do.

Question 2

Sequence.

Answer 2

An ordered set of instructions.

Question 3

Algorithms.

Answer 3

A precise method of problem solving .

Question 4

High-Level programming language.

Answer 4

A programming language that resembles natural human language .

Question 5

Flowchart

Answer 5

A graphical representation of an algorithm. Each step in the algorithm is represented by a symbol. Symbols are linked together with arrows showing the order in which steps are executed.

Question 6

Pseudo-code.

Answer 6

A structured, code like language that can be used to describe an algorithm.

Question 7

Variable.

Answer 7

A ‘container’ used to store data. The data stored in a variable is referred ta as a value. the value stored in a variable is not fixed. the same variable can store different values during the course of a program and each time a program is run

Question 8

Identifier.

Answer 8

A unique name given to a variable or a constant. using descriptive names for variables makes code much easier to read.

Question 9

Arithmetic operator.

Answer 9

A operator that performs a calculation on two numbers .

Question 10

Constant

Answer 10

A container that holds a value that never changes. like variables constants have unique identifiers.

Question 11

construct

Answer 11

a component from which something is built. letters and numbers (i.e. a to z and zero to nine) are the constructs we use to build our language and convey meaning. bricks and cement are the basic constructs of a building.

Question 12

Selection

Answer 12

a construct that allows a choice to be made different alternatives.

Question 13

iteration

Answer 13

a construct that means the repetition of a process. An action is repeated there is a desired outcome or a condition is met. it is often referred to as a loop.

Question 14

IF…THEN…ELSE statement.

Answer 14

The IF…THEN…ELSE statement allows a choice to be made between two alternatives based on weather or not a condition is met.

Question 15

Relational operator

Answer 15

An operator that conducts two main values

Question 16

Nested IF statement

Answer 16

a nested if statement contains of one or more if statements placed inside each other. A nested if is used were there are two or more possible courses of action

Question 17

indefinite iteration

Answer 17

this is known when the number of iteration is not known before the loop is started. the iteration stop when a specified condition is met. this set of loop set to be called a condition of a lot if loops.

Question 18

Definite iteration

Answer 18

this is used when the number of iterations or turns of the loop. is started.