1.1 algorithms

Question 1

define unambiguous

Answer 1

this means that the instruction cannot be misunderstood.

Question 2

define sequence

Answer 2

an ordered set of instructions

Question 3

define algorithm

Answer 3

a precise method for solving a problem

Question 4

define high level programming language

Answer 4

a programming language that resembles natural human language

Question 5

define flowchart

Answer 5

a graphical representation of an algorithm

Question 6

define pseudo- code

Answer 6

a structured code like language that can be used to describe an algorithm

Question 7

define variable

Answer 7

a ‘container’ used to store data. that data stored in a variable in called as a value.

Question 8

define identifier

Answer 8

a unique name given to a variable or a constant

Question 9

define arithmetic operator

Answer 9

an operator that performs calculation on 2 numbers

Question 10

define constant

Answer 10

a ‘container’ that holds a value that never changes

Question 11

define construct

Answer 11

a component from which something is built

Question 12

define selection

Answer 12

a construct that allows a choice to be made between different alternatives

Question 13

define iteration

Answer 13

a construct that means the repetition of a process

Question 14

the IF…THEN…ELSE statement

Answer 14

the IF…THEN…ELSE statement allows a choice to be made between 2 alternatives based whether or not a conditionis met

Question 15

define relational operator

Answer 15

an operator that compares 2 values

Question 16

the Nested IF statement

Answer 16

a nested IF statement consists of one or more if statements placed inside each other.

Question 17

define indefinite iteration

Answer 17

this is used when the number of iterations is not known before the loop is started.

Question 18

define iteration

Answer 18

this is used when the number of iterations or turns of the loop, is known in advance.

Question 19

define logical operator

Answer 19

a Boolean operator using “and” “or” and “not”

Question 20

define random number

Answer 20

a number given in a range of numberws that is generated in such a way that each one has a equal chance of appearing

Question 21

define nested loop

Answer 21

a loop that runs inside another loop

Question 22

define concatenation

Answer 22

the linking together of two or more items of information

Question 23

define logic error

Answer 23

an error in an algorithm that results in incorrect behavior

Question 24

define trace table

Answer 24

a technique used to identify any logic errors in algorithms

Question 25

define simulation

Answer 25

a program used test someone in computer before doing it in real life

Question 26

define infinite loop

Answer 26

a loop that is never ending

Question 27

define array

Answer 27

an organized collection of related values that share a single identifier

Question 28

define ascending order

Answer 28

the smallest to biggest

Question 29

define descending order

Answer 29

the biggest to the smallest

Question 30

define traversal

Answer 30

travel across or through something

Question 31

define recursion

Answer 31

a process that is repeated

Question 32

define brute force

Answer 32

an algorithm design that does not include any techniques to improve performance

Question 33

define divide and conquer

Answer 33

an algorithm design that works by dividing a problem

Question 34

define median

Answer 34

the middle number when the numbers are put in ascending or descending order

Question 35

define computional thinking

Answer 35

the thought process involved in formulating problems and their solutions

Question 36

define decomposition

Answer 36

breaking a problem down into a smaller more managable parts

Question 37

define abstraction

Answer 37

the process of removing or hiding unnececssary detail so that only the important points remain

Question 38

define subprogram

Answer 38

a self contained module of code that performs a specific task