1.1 Algorithms

Question 1

What does Ambiguous mean

Answer 1

This means that the instructions can not be misunderstood

Question 2

what is sequence?

Answer 2

an ordered set of instruction

Question 3

what does the term algorithm mean

Answer 3

a precise method for solving a problem

Question 4

what does High level programming language mean?

Answer 4

a programming language that resembles natural human language.

Question 5

what is flowchart?

Answer 5

a graphical representation of an algorithm

Question 6

what does pseudo -code means

Answer 6

a structured, code like language that can be used to describe an algorithm

Question 7

what does variable means?

Answer 7

a container used to store data. The data stored in a variable is referred to as a value.

Question 8

what does identifier mean?

Answer 8

a unique name given to a variable or a constant

Question 9

what does arithmetic operator mean?

Answer 9

an operator that performs a calculation on two numbers

Question 10

what does constant mean?

Answer 10

a container that holds a value that never changes

Question 11

what does construct mean?

Answer 11

a component from which something is build

Question 12

what does selection mean?

Answer 12

no construct that means the repetition

Question 13

what does iteration mean?

Answer 13

a construct that means the repetition of a process. An action is repeated until there is a desired outcome or condition is met. it is often referred to as a loop.

Question 14

what does nested IF statement means?

Answer 14

a nested IF statement consists of one or more IF statements placed inside each other.

Question 15

what is indefinite iteration?

Answer 15

this is used when the number of iterations is not know n before the loop is started

Question 16

what is meant by definite iteration?

Answer 16

this is used when the numbers of iterations,or turns of the loop, is known in advance

Question 17

what is logical operator?

Answer 17

A Boolean operator using AND, OR and NOT.

Question 18

what is random number

Answer 18

a number within a given range of numbers that is generated in such a way that each number in the range has an equal chance of occurring.

Question 19

nested loop

Answer 19

a loop that runs inside another loop.the inner one executes all of its instructions for each turn of the outer loop.

Question 20

define concatenation ?

Answer 20

the linking together of two or more items of information

Question 21

what is logic error ?

Answer 21

an error in an algorithm that results in incorrect or unexpected behavior

Question 22

what is trace table?

Answer 22

a technique used to identify any logic errors in algorithms

Question 23

what is simulation ?

Answer 23

a representation of a real-world process or system

Question 24

what is infinite loop?

Answer 24

a loop that is never-ending since the condition required to terminate the loop is never reached.

Question 25

what is term meant by array?

Answer 25

an organised collection of related values that share a single identifier.

Question 26

what is ascending order?

Answer 26

this is arranging items from smallest to largest (e.g. 1,2,3,4,5,6)

Question 27

what is descending order?

Answer 27

this is arranging items from largest to smallest (e.g. 6,5,4,3,2,1)

Question 28

what is traversal?

Answer 28

travel across or through something an array can be traversed by moving from the first to the last element in order to examine the the data stored at each index position

Question 29

what is recursion?

Answer 29

a process that is repeated for example, a document can be checked and edited and so on until its perfect.

Question 30

what is brute force?

Answer 30

an algorithm design that does not include any techniques to improve performance. but instead relies on sheer computing power to try all possibilities until the solution to a problem is found

Question 31

what is divide and conquer?

Answer 31

an algorithm design that works by dividing a problem into smaller and smaller sub problems until the are easy to solve.

Question 32

what is meant by median?

Answer 32

The middle number when the number are put in ascending or descending order (e.g:if there are 13 numbers, then the 7th number is the median.

Question 33

what is computational thinking?

Answer 33

the thought processes involved in formulating problems and their solutions so that the solutions are represented in a form that can be effectively carried out by a computer.

Question 34

what is Decomposition?

Answer 34

breaking a problem down into smaller, more manageable parts, which are then easier to solve

Question 35

Abstraction

Answer 35

the process of removing or hiding unnecessary detail so that only the important point remain.

Question 36

what is Subprogram?

Answer 36

a self-contained module of code that performs a specific task. It can be 'called' by the main program when it is needed.