11-20 Green II Flashcards

1
Q

Means to do… and see or try …ing.

Ex 1:
It’s delicious, so please try eating it.

Ex 2:
Is it okay to wear this dress?

A

…て + みる (ru-verb)

Ex 1:
おいしいですから食べてみてください。

Ex 2:
このドレスを着てみてもいいですか?

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2
Q

Implies that the action is for preparation for some future event.

Ex.
Please go ahead and reserve a hotel room (so that we don’t have to worry later).

A

…て + おく

Ex.
ホテルをよやくしておいてください。

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3
Q

Potential form (ability and potential)

Ru-verbs:
Be able to eat

U-verbs:
Be able to speak

Irregular:
Be able to come
Be able to do

A

~る => ~られる
食べる => 食べられる

~u => ~eる
話す => 話せる

くる => こられる
する => できる

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4
Q

Te-form and Ta-form

Ru-verb
U-verb
Irregular verb

A

Ru-verb:
~る => ~て (~た)

U-verb:
~す => ~して (~した)
~く => ~いて (~いた)
~ぐ=> ~いで (~いだ)
~う、る、つ => ~って (~った)
~む、ぬ、ぶ => ~んで (~っだ)

Irregular:
する => して (した)
くる => きて (きた)
行く => 行って (行った)

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5
Q

Conjugate u-verbs

~く-verb

Plain form and polite form.

A

Plain:
~く ~かない
~た ~かなかった

Polite:
~きます ~きません
~きました ~きませんでした

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6
Q

Conjugate る-verbs.

Plain form and polite.

A

Plain:
~る ~ない
~た ~なかった

Polite:
~ます ~ません
~ました ~ませんでした

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7
Q

Conjugate です.
Polite and plain form.

A

Plain:
~だ ~じゃない
~だった ~じゃなかった

Polite:
~です ~ではありません
~でした ~ではありませんでした

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8
Q

Expresses the state of something (or someone) that has resulted from a past action.

What happens with intransive verbs?

Ex: the door is closed (I closed it).

A

…て + ある

を: the action was performed by the speaker

Intransive verb => いる instead of ある

Ex:
ドアを閉めてあります。

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9
Q

(1) When you want someone to do something.

(Ex 1) I want that person to go somewhere.

(2) When you don’t want someone to do something.

(Ex 2) I want him not to come to my house anymore.

A

…て + ほしい

(1) Person に verb てほしい。
に: the person who performs the action.

(Ex 1) あの人にはどこかに行ってほしいです。

(2) Person に verb ないでほしい。

(Ex 2) もううちには来ないでほしいです。

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10
Q

To express helpfulness.

Ex:
I cleaned your room (as a help)!

A

…て + あげる

Ex. あなたの部屋をそうじしてあげましたよ。

Use these verbs:
~て + あげる to give
~て + くれる to give
~て + やる to give
~に + ~て + もらう to receive

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