Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 > 1.1 - 1.7 An Intro to the Human Body > Flashcards

1.1 - 1.7 An Intro to the Human Body Flashcards

1
Q

Abdominopelvic cavity

A

division of the anterior (ventral) cavity that houses the abdominal and pelvic viscera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

anabolism

A

assembly of more complex molecules from simpler molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

anatomical position

A

standard reference position used for describing locations and directions on the human body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

anatomy

A

science that studies the form and composition of the body’s structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

anterior

A

describes the front or direction toward the front of the body; also referred to as ventral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

anterior cavity

A

larger body cavity located anterior to the posterior (dorsal) body cavity; includes the serous membrane- lined pleural cavities for the lungs, pericardial cavity for the heart, and peritoneal cavity for the abdominal and pelvic organs; also referred to as ventral cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

catabolism

A

breaking down of more complex molecules into simpler molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

caudal

A

describes a position below or lower than another part of the body proper; near or toward the tail (in humans, the
coccyx, or lowest part of the spinal column); also referred to as inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

cell

A

smallest independently functioning unit of all organisms; in animals, a cell contains cytoplasm, composed of fluid and organelles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

computed tomography (CT)

A

medical imaging technique in which a computer-enhanced cross-sectional X-ray image is obtained

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

control center

A

compares values to their normal range; deviations cause the activation of an effector

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

cranial

A

describes a position above or higher than another part of the body proper; also referred to as superior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

cranial cavity

A

division of the posterior (dorsal) cavity that houses the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

deep

A

describes a position farther from the surface of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

development

A

changes an organism goes through during its life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

differentiation

A

process by which unspecialized cells become specialized in structure and function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

distal

A

describes a position farther from the point of attachment or the trunk of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

dorsal

A

describes the back or direction toward the back of the body; also referred to as posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

dorsal cavity

A

posterior body cavity that houses the brain and spinal cord; also referred to the posterior body cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

effector

A

organ that can cause a change in a value

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

frontal plane

A

two-dimensional, vertical plane that divides the body or organ into anterior and posterior portions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

gross anatomy

A

study of the larger structures of the body, typically with the unaided eye; also referred to macroscopic anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

growth

A

process of increasing in size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

homeostasis

A

steady state of body systems that living organisms maintain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
inferior
describes a position below or lower than another part of the body proper; near or toward the tail (in humans, the coccyx, or lowest part of the spinal column); also referred to as caudal
26
lateral
describes the side or direction toward the side of the body
27
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
medical imaging technique in which a device generates a magnetic field to obtain detailed sectional images of the internal structures of the body
28
medial
describes the middle or direction toward the middle of the body
29
metabolism
sum of all of the body’s chemical reactions
30
microscopic anatomy
study of very small structures of the body using magnification
31
negative feedback
homeostatic mechanism that tends to stabilize an upset in the body’s physiological condition by preventing an excessive response to a stimulus, typically as the stimulus is removed
32
normal range
range of values around the set point that do not cause a reaction by the control center
33
nutrient
chemical obtained from foods and beverages that is critical to human survival
34
organ
functionally distinct structure composed of two or more types of tissues
35
organ system
group of organs that work together to carry out a particular function
36
organism
living being that has a cellular structure and that can independently perform all physiologic functions necessary for life
37
pericardium
sac that encloses the heart
38
peritoneum
serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity and covers the organs found there
39
physiology
science that studies the chemistry, biochemistry, and physics of the body’s functions
40
plane
imaginary two-dimensional surface that passes through the body
41
pleura
serous membrane that lines the pleural cavity and covers the lungs
42
positive feedback
mechanism that intensifies a change in the body’s physiological condition in response to a stimulus
43
positron emission tomography (PET)
medical imaging technique in which radiopharmaceuticals are traced to reveal metabolic and physiological functions in tissues
44
posterior
describes the back or direction toward the back of the body; also referred to as dorsal
45
posterior cavity
posterior body cavity that houses the brain and spinal cord; also referred to as dorsal cavity
46
pressure
force exerted by a substance in contact with another substance
47
prone
face down
48
proximal
describes a position nearer to the point of attachment or the trunk of the body
49
regional anatomy
study of the structures that contribute to specific body regions
50
renewal
process by which worn-out cells are replaced
51
reproduction
process by which new organisms are generated
52
responsiveness
ability of an organisms or a system to adjust to changes in conditions
53
sagittal plane
two-dimensional, vertical plane that divides the body or organ into right and left sides
54
section
in anatomy, a single flat surface of a three-dimensional structure that has been cut through
55
sensor
(also, receptor) reports a monitored physiological value to the control center
56
serosa
membrane that covers organs and reduces friction; also referred to as serous membrane
57
serous membrane
membrane that covers organs and reduces friction; also referred to as serosa
58
set point
ideal value for a physiological parameter; the level or small range within which a physiological parameter such as blood pressure is stable and optimally healthful, that is, within its parameters of homeostasis
59
spinal cavity
division of the dorsal cavity that houses the spinal cord; also referred to as vertebral cavity
60
superficial
describes a position nearer to the surface of the body
61
superior
describes a position above or higher than another part of the body proper; also referred to as cranial
62
supine
face up
63
systemic anatomy
study of the structures that contribute to specific body systems
64
thoracic cavity
division of the anterior (ventral) cavity that houses the heart, lungs, esophagus, and trachea
65
tissue
group of similar or closely related cells that act together to perform a specific function
66
transverse plane
two-dimensional, horizontal plane that divides the body or organ into superior and inferior portions
67
ultrasonography
application of ultrasonic waves to visualize subcutaneous body structures such as tendons and organs
68
ventral
describes the front or direction toward the front of the body; also referred to as anterior
69
ventral cavity
larger body cavity located anterior to the posterior (dorsal) body cavity; includes the serous membrane- lined pleural cavities for the lungs, pericardial cavity for the heart, and peritoneal cavity for the abdominal and pelvic organs; also referred to as anterior body cavity
70
X-ray
form of high energy electromagnetic radiation with a short wavelength capable of penetrating solids and ionizing gases; used in medicine as a diagnostic aid to visualize body structures such as bones

Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions