1.1 Flashcards
Nutrition defined
The science that links foods to health and disease
5 dimensions of one’s health
Physical
Intellectual
Emotional
Social
Spiritual
Nutrients
Substances found in food that provide the materials for building and maintaining our bodies and regulating of key metabolic processes that sustain life
What are the two most important factors that play into most people’s decisions of which foods to eat?
Taste and texture
What are the 2 drives that influence our desire to eat?
Hunger and appetite
What is hunger?
Internal drive, often experienced as a negative sensation of growling or discomfort in the stomach
What is appetite?
External drive often associated with pleasant sensations regarding food, and can lead us to eat even when we aren’t hungry
Satiety
The sensation of having a full stomach
What is the hypothalamus’s role in hunger and satiety?
When we haven’t eaten for a certain pd of time, nutrient concentration in the blood declines, which stimulates the feeding center in the hypothalamus, which signals the person to eat. Conversely, when nutrient levels rise in the blood, the satiety center is activated, decreasing our desire to eat.
Main site in the body used for digestion and nutrient absorption
GI tract
Hormones that increase hunger
Ghrelin, endorphins, neuropeptide-y
Hormones that decrease hunger
Leptin, serotonin, cholecystokinin
What is leptin
Key hormone that alerts the brain to turn hunger center off and activate satiety center. Leptin is produced in adipose cells.
What is ghrelin?
Key hormone produced in stomach that stimulates the hunger center while deactivating the satiety center in the brain
What are the 4 types of external forces that influence our eating habits?
Sensory (taste, smell, texture, color, moisture, temperature)
Cognitive (habits comfort foods, advertising, social factors, nutritional value)
Environmental (economics, lifestyle, cultural/religious beliefs, environment)
Health Status
