1.1 Flashcards
politcal maps
show and label human-created boundaries and designations, such as countries, states, cities, and capitals.
reference maps
political maps, physical maps, road maps, plat maps
road maps
show and label highways, streets, and alleys.
physical maps
show and label natural features, such as mountains, rivers and deserts.
Spatial patterns
general arrangements of things being studied, the repeated sequences of events, and processes that create them.
plat maps
show and label property lines and details of land ownership.
thematic Maps
Maps that focus on specific themes/ phenomena.
list the thematic Maps
Choropleth maps, Dot distribution maps, Graduated symbol maps , Isoline maps, Topographic maps
Isoline maps
( use of lines to connect points of equal value)
Topographic maps
points of equal elevation connected on maps
Graduated symbol maps
( use symbols of different sizes to indicate different amounts of things)
Dot distribution maps
(show specific location and distribution of something across a map)
Choropleth maps
(use various colors, shades of one color, or patterns to show the location and distribution of spatial data)
three types of scales
Cartographic scale, Small scale, and large scale.
small scale
Map that shows a large area with little details.
large scale
A large scale map shows a small area with lots of details. Typically used for maps of cities and neighborhoods.
cartographic scale
The ratio of a distance on Earth compared to the same distance on a map.
What are spatial patterns?
Spatial patterns are general arrangement of phenomena on a map.
What is absolute location?
precise spot where something is located.
What are the TWO global grid lines used to pinpoint absolute location?
longitude and latitude
What is latitude?
The distance from north or south of the equator.
What is longitude?
The distance east or west of the prime meridian.
What is an equator?
An imaginary line that circles the globe precisely halfway between the north and south poles.
What is the Prime Meridian? (zero degrees)
An imaginary line that runs from both poles that separates the eastern and western hemisphere.
international data line
It is the line between the South and North poles that is the boundary between one calendar day and the next. Passes through the pacific ocean
What is the relative location?
Description of where something is in relation to other things.
Can relative location change?
Yes, overtime it can change. An example of relative location changing would be ghost twins of the western united states that once had location near water sources, that are all dried up now.
What is direction?
Direction describes where things are in relation to each other.
Can absolute location change?
No, it is a fixed position that never changes.
What is distance?
Measurement of how far or how near things are to one another.
What is absolute distance?
Distance measured in either feet, miles, meters, or kilometers.
What is relative distance?
The measure of social, economic, and cultural relatedness between point A and point B.
What is elevation?
The distance of features above sea level. (usually measured in feet or meters)
What is distribution?
The way a phenomenon is spread out over an area.
What are patterns? .
General arrangement of things
What are 6 types of distribution patterns?
Clustered or agglomerated
Dispersed
Geometric
Random
Circular
Linear
Why are all maps distorted?
All maps are somewhat distorted because they are flat, unlike the earth that is sphere shaped.
What is the purpose of a map projection?
To help minimize the distortion as much as possible while making maps.
What is the purpose of the Mercator projection?
Navigation
What is the strength of the Peters projection?
The sizes of land masses are accurate.
What is the distortion of the conic projection?
The direction on the map is not constant and the longitude line’s coverage is only one pole.
What FOUR distortions are there in the Robinson projection?
Area, shape, size, and directions
