1.1-1.6

Question 1

Molecular mass

Answer 1

Mass of one molecule

Question 2

Formula mass

Answer 2

Mass of a basic unit

Question 3

Moles (n) =

Answer 3

mass (m) / molar mass (M)

Question 4

Isotopes of an element

Answer 4

exhibit identical chemical behavior, different stability

Question 5

Average atomic mass

Answer 5

Average of all the isotopes of an element

Question 6

Purpose of mass spectrometry

Answer 6

Compare the masses of isotopes

Question 7

Law of definite proportions

Answer 7

Different pure samples of the same compound always contain the same proportions of each element by mass

Question 8

Mass % element =

Answer 8

(#atoms)(atomic mass) / (formula weight of compound) x 100

Question 9

Mass % component =

Answer 9

(mass of component in question) / (total mass of substance) x 100

Question 10

Mass ratio of Elements in a Pure Sample of a Compound

Answer 10

The ratio of isotopes (and masses) of a certain element in any pure sample of a given compound is constant

Question 11

Multiplier for Empirical Formula =

Answer 11

Molar Mass / Empirical Formula Mass

Question 12

Shielding

Answer 12

Electrostatic repulsion from inner core electrons reduces electrostatic attraction between outer electrons and the nucleus

Question 13

First Ionization Energy

Answer 13

Minimum amount of energy required to remove an outermost electron from an atom in the gas phase

Question 14

Orbital

Answer 14

The space a wave function describes.

Question 15

Principle quantum number

Answer 15

1, 2, 3…

Question 16

Orbital type

Answer 16

s, p, d, f

Question 17

Shell

Answer 17

Row on the periodic table

Question 18

Subshell

Answer 18

The groups within each shell (ie, 2s, and 2p)

Question 19

Each subshell contains how many orbitals?

Answer 19

2

Question 20

What orbital are electrons always added to?

Answer 20

The lowest energy orbital available?

Question 21

What electron configuration do elements “want”?

Answer 21

Noble gas

Question 22

Isoelectronic species

Answer 22

Same electron configurations, different radii

Question 23

Aufbau principle

Answer 23

Each orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons with opposite spins.

Question 24

Hund’s Rule

Answer 24

With multiple subshells, a single spin up electron is added to each orbital before spin down electrons.