1.1 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. How many branches of Government did the Constitution establish?
A

3

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2
Q
  1. What was the predecessor to the Constitution?
A

The Articles of Confederation ratified in 1781

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3
Q
  1. Where are all Federal-level laws enacted?
A

Congress

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4
Q
  1. In which article of the Constitution is the power to raise taxes found?
A

Article 1

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5
Q
  1. What occurs when Congress is not in session and the President does not sign a properly-presente enrolled bill within 10 days?
A

Pocket Veto

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6
Q
  1. How frequently does Congress review the DoD budget request?
A

Annually

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7
Q
  1. Approximately what percent of total Federal spending is discretionary spending?
A

30%

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8
Q
  1. Which branch of Government implements laws?
A

Executive Branch

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9
Q
  1. Which branch of Government is authorized to raise taxes and borrow money?
A

Legislative Branch (Congress)

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10
Q
  1. Which committee attempts to resolve differences between House and Senate versions of a bill?
A

Conference Committee, “Third Chamber”

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11
Q
  1. Which agency issues directions for use by other agencies in submitting their budget estimates?
A

Office of Management and Budget

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12
Q
  1. What type of legislation provides an agency with budget authority?
A

Appropriation Acts provide budget authority

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13
Q
  1. What term is used to describe a subdivision of an apportionment?
A

Allotment

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14
Q
  1. What agency issues apportionments?
A

Office of Management and Budget

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15
Q
  1. Which branch of Government conducts hearings on the effectiveness of Government programs?
A

Legislative Branch (Congress)

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16
Q
  1. In the Federal budget process, which organizations actually prepare budget estimates?
A

Federal Agencies

17
Q
  1. What is the largest single source of Federal Government tax revenues?
A

Individual Income Taxes (50% in 2020)

18
Q
  1. What are requests for funds in addition to amounts already appropriated called?
A

Supplemental

19
Q
  1. What financial control document is issued by the Treasury Department following signature of the
    Appropriations Act?
A

Appropriation Warrant

20
Q
  1. What term describes a postponement in the use of appropriated funds?
A

Deferral

21
Q
  1. What term describes a cancellation of appropriated funds?
A

Rescission

22
Q
  1. After the DoD Appropriations Bill is signed into law, what does DoD request from OMB?
A

Apportionment

23
Q
  1. An administrative reservation of funds is known as what?
A

Commitment

24
Q
  1. What gives a Federal agency the legal authority to operate a program?
A

Authorization Legislation

25
Q
  1. Article 1, Section 8, Clause 1, of the U.S. Constitution empowers which branch of the Federal Government to collect taxes?
A

The Legislative Branch