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Cemeg 1.1 > 1.1 > Flashcards

1.1 Flashcards

1
Q

What charge do ions of group 1 of the periodic table have?

A

1+ eg Li+, Na+

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2
Q

What charge do ions of group 2 of the periodic table have?

A

2+ eg Be2+, Ca2+

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3
Q

what charge do hydrogen ions have?

A

H+

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4
Q

What charge do the ions of transitional metals have?

A

Variable charges eg Iron|| chloride - the iron has a 2+ charge

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5
Q

What charge do the ions of group 3 elements have?

A

3+ eg B3+, Al3+

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6
Q

What ions do group 4 elements produce?

A

They do not form ions - they share electrons to from covalent bonds

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7
Q

What charge ions do elements of group 5 in the periodic table produce?

A

3- eg N3-, P3-

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8
Q

What charge ions do elements in group 6 of the periodic table produce?

A

2- eg. O2-, S2-

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9
Q

What charge ions do elements in group 7 of the periodic table produce?

A

1- eg. F-, Cl-, Br-

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10
Q

What ions do group 8 of the periodic table produce?

A

do not form ions because they do not react

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11
Q

______________ always form positively charged ions

A

Metals

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12
Q

__________ always form negatively charged ions

A

Non-metals

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13
Q

Hydroxide ion formula

A

OH-

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14
Q

Carbonate ion formula

A

CO3 ^ 2-

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15
Q

Nitrate ion formula

A

NO3-

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16
Q

Sulphate ion formula

A

SO4 ^2-

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17
Q

Sulphide ion formula

A

S2-

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18
Q

Hydrogencarbonate

A

HCO3 ^-

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19
Q

Ammonium ion formula

A

NH4^+

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20
Q

Nitride ion formula

A

N3-

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21
Q

Hydrocloric acid formula

A

HCl

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22
Q

Sulphuric acid formula

A

H2SO4

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23
Q

Nitric acid formula

A

HNO3

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24
Q

Carbon dioxide formula

A

CO2

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25
Q

Sulphur dioxide formula

A

SO2

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26
Q

Methane formula

A

CH4

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27
Q

Oxygen gas formula

A

O2

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28
Q

Chlorine gas formula

A

Cl2

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29
Q

Ammonia

A

NH3

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30
Q

__________ ion is always written first in the formula

A

Positive

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31
Q

Metal + Water >

A

Metal hydroxide + Hydrogen

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32
Q

Potassium + Water >

A

Potassium hydroxide + Hydrogen

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33
Q

Calcium + Water >

A

Calcium hydroxide + Hydrogen

34
Q

Metal + Acid >

A

Salt + Hydrogen

35
Q

Magnesium + Hydrochloric acid >

A

Magnesium chloride + Hydrogen

36
Q

Sodium + Sulphuric acid >

A

Sodium sulphate + Hydrogen

37
Q

Calcium + Nitric acid >

A

Calcium nitrate + Hydrogen

38
Q

Acid + Alkali >

A

Salt + Water

39
Q

Sodium hydroxide + Hydrochloric acid >

A

Sodium chloride + Water

40
Q

Sodium hydroxide + Sulphuric acid >

A

Sodium sulphate + Water

41
Q

What is a base?

A

insoluble metal oxide or hydroxide

42
Q

Acid + Base >

A

Salt + Water

43
Q

Sulphuric acid + Copper oxide >

A

Copper sulphate + Water

44
Q

Sodium oxide + Carbonic acid >

A

Sodium carbonate + Water

45
Q

Acid + Carbonate >

A

Salt + Water + Carbon dioxide

46
Q

Sodium carbonate + Sulphuric acid >

A

Sodium sulphate + Water + Carbon dioxide

47
Q

Copper carbonate + Hydrochloric acid>

A

Copper chloride + Water + Carbon dioxide

48
Q

Oxidation (electron transfer)

A

electron loss from a species

49
Q

Reduction (electron transfer)

A

electron gain by species

50
Q

What acronym is used to remember redox reactions in terms of electron transfer

A

Oxidation
Is
Loss
Reduction
Is
Gain

51
Q

__________ agent is an electron acceptor

A

oxidising

52
Q

__________ agent is an electron donor

A

Reducing

53
Q

What are the four steps to writing full Redox equations?

A

1) Balance the atoms
2) Balance the ions - the overall charge on each side
3) Scale up the half equations so the electrons cancel out
4) Re-write the half equations combines as an ionic equation

54
Q

What is the oxidation number of an uncombined element?

A

0

55
Q

What is the oxidation number of an ionic compund?

A

the charge on the ion eg.
Copper || oxide
(+2) (-2)

56
Q

What is the oxidation number for a balanced compound?

A

The sum of all the oxidation numbers is zero eg Water
H20
(+1 x 2) + (-2) = 0

57
Q

What are the oxidation numbers for K, Na

A

+1

58
Q

What are the oxidation numbers for Mg, Ca

A

+2

59
Q

What is the oxidation number for Al

A

+3

60
Q

What is the oxidation number of H

A

+1 (exception: metal hydroxide)

61
Q

What is the oxidation number for F, Cl

A

-1 (with some exceptions)

62
Q

What is oxygen’s oxidation number

A

-2 (except for in peroxide - OF2)

63
Q

In simple ions, the oxidation number is….

A

the charge on the ion eg Na+, O2-

64
Q

In more complicated ions, the algebraic sum of the oxidation numbers is…

A

equal to the charge on the ion

65
Q

In any substance the ___________ atom will have the negative oxidation number, leaving the less ___________ atom with the positive oxidation number.

A

Electronegative

66
Q

In simple terms, what does electronegative mean and which elements do we mainly associate it with?

A

How well it attracts electrons
N O F(most)

67
Q

oxidation number for MgCl2

A

(+2) (-1)

68
Q

oxidation number for SO2

A

(+4) (-2)

69
Q

oxidation number for CO2

A

(+4) (-2)

70
Q

oxidation number for NaOH

A

(+1) (-2) (+1)

71
Q

oxidation number for PCl5

A

(+5) (-1)

72
Q

name and oxidation number for SO4 ^ 2-

A

(+6) (-2)
sulfate vi ion or sulfur vi oxide ion

73
Q

oxidation number and name for MnO4 ^ -

A

(+7) (-2)
manganate vii

74
Q

name and oxidation number for IO3 ^ -

A

(+5) (-2)
iodate v

75
Q

oxidation number and name for MnO4 ^ 2-

A

(+6) (-2)
Manganate vi

76
Q

oxidation number and name for Cr2O7 ^ 2-

A

(+6) (-2)
dichromate vi ions

77
Q

Oxidation of an atom involves __________ in oxidation number

A

Increase

78
Q

Reduction of an atom involves _________ in oxidation number

A

Decrease

79
Q

Something is oxidised if (in terms of:)
oxygen
hydrogen
electrons
oxidation number

A

gains oxygen
loses hydrogen
loses electrons
oxidation number increases

80
Q

Something is reduced if (in terms of:)
oxygen
hydrogen
electrons
oxidation number

A

loses oxygen
gains hydrogen
gains electrons
oxidation number decreases

Cemeg 1.1 (2 decks)

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